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The entorhinal cortex is the first region to develop tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease and primary age-related tauopathy, yet the reasons for this selective vulnerability remain unclear. We developed a computational model in which neuronal activity and amyloid-β (Aβ) modulate tau transport, hypothesizing that this mechanism explains entorhinal vulnerability to early tau pathology. The model com
Background: The 2022 European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society (ESC/ERS) pulmonary hypertension definition only consider resistant right ventricular (RV) load (pulmonary vascular resistance [PVR]), but not pulsatile load (pulmonary artery compliance [PAC]) known to be important. Objectives: The authors aimed to compare severity-grading of RV afterload using the current pulmonary
This study examines the role of neighbourhood status in partner selection during the early and mid-20th century, a period of rapid industrialization and social change. While contemporary research emphasizes achieved characteristics such as education, historical marriage patterns were more strongly shaped by ascriptive factors. Yet, the influence of neighbourhood context on assortative mating remai
The archaeological laboratory of the University of Ferrara, which is in the first extra-urban stretch of the ancient via Appia at the so-called tomb of Geta, investigates a crucial area of passage between the ancient city of Rome and its cultivated territory. The area was connoted with a religious and mythical sense in antiquity, but, at the same time, it is still unknown from an archaeological po
Nowadays a significant portion of the general public cannot fully experience an archaeological exhibition due to the presence of several sensory barriers. In this work, I will focus on how technology can help to overcome one of these barriers: blindness. This goal can be achieved (by) creating touchable copies of finds where depicted decorations or inscriptions can be perceived through tactile exp
Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to investigate baseline predictors of unacceptable pain, overall and in patients with low inflammatory activity, as well as of pain over time, in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: We studied patients newly diagnosed with RA in Sweden in 2012-2020 (N = 10297), using data from several national registers. Pain was assessed by a Visual Ana
The aim of the study is to describe a methodological approach to represent, interpret, model and manage pluristratified archaeological contexts.The proposed methodology envisages a digital workflow, a BIM-thinking strategy, which integrates geometric and texture data obtained from laser and photogrammetric scans with information about construction techniques and materials, archaeological reports a
In recent years, the exploit of 3D data use in Archaeology and the Cultural Heritage sector in general has caused an exponential multiplication of digital content that can be viewed on the web. Nevertheless, web platforms can display a concerning dualism: on one side some contents are over-represented with the same models uploaded dozens of times even inside the same platform; on the other, the in
Introduction: Early and risky sexual behaviours among adolescents contribute to adverse health outcomes, yet evidence from school-based settings in India, particularly from methodologically robust samples, remains limited. Previous research in India has documented sexual attitudes and behaviours in specific contexts; however, to our knowledge, no study has examined both risk and protective factors
The transformation from a fossil-based economy toward the bioeconomy offers a promising avenue for addressing various Sustainable Development Goals but also poses a major societal challenge (SC). Designing effective place-based innovation policies to tackle this SC requires acknowledging that regions differ in their readiness to contribute to the bioeconomy transformation and understanding which p
Objective: To evaluate the impact of a systematic, multi-component ultra-low-dose imaging protocol on radiation and contrast exposure during endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) across diverse anatomical complexities. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 331 consecutive EVAR procedures at a tertiary vascular center were analyzed. Patients treated with an integrated ultra-low-dose protocol (Gr
Mucins 5AC (MUC5AC) and 5B (MUC5B) are the major mucins providing the organizing framework for the airway's mucus gel. We retrieved bronchial mucosal biopsies and bronchial wash (BW) samples through bronchoscopy from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 38), healthy never-smokers (n = 40), and smokers with normal lung function (n = 40). The expression of MUC5AC and MUC5B was as
Objectives: Physical function—the capacity to perform tasks requiring endurance and/or strength—is a key determinant of fitness that has directly influenced Homo sapiens' survival, reproduction and health throughout our evolutionary journey. However, the last 200–300 years of global industrialization has transformed human habitats at an unprecedented rate and may now be compromising key functions
Rationale: Residual sleep apnoea—defined by an Apnoea-Hypopnoea Index ≥10 events/hour—affects~20% of obstructive sleep apnoea patients treated with positive airway pressure therapy and poses a major clinical challenge. Ventilatory control instability is a plausible cause of residual sleep apnoea. Elevated loop gain (LG), a measure of ventilatory instability, may be a risk factor, but this has not
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) kills millions of people annually and patients suffering from exacerbations of this disorder display high morbidity and mortality. The clinical course of COPD is associated with dysbiosis and infections, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Glycosylation of proteins play roles in regulating interactions between microbes and immune cells,
Helicobacter pylori colonizes the stomach of half of the human population. Most H. pylori are located in the mucus layer, which is mainly comprised by glycosylated mucins. Using mass spectrometry, we identified 631 glycans (whereof 145 were fully characterized and the remainder assigned as compositions) on mucins isolated from 14 Helicobacter spp.-infected and 14 Helicobacter spp.-noninfected stom
Streptococcus oralis is an oral commensal and opportunistic pathogen that can enter the bloodstream and cause bacteremia and infective endocarditis. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of S. oralis binding to oral mucins using clinical isolates, isogenic mutants and glycoconjugates. S. oralis bound to both MUC5B and MUC7, with a higher level of binding to MUC7. Mass spectrometry identified 128 gl
