The demand for developing creativity among doctoral students is found in a number of educational policies all over the world. Yet, earlier studies on Swedish doctoral education suggest that doctoral students’ creativity is not always encouraged. Based on a critical hermeneutic approach and cases in four different disciplines, the aim of this study was therefore (1) to explore different shapes of d

On Earth, the deep subsurface biosphere of both the oceanic and the continental crust is well known for surviving harsh conditions and environments characterized by high temperatures, high pressures, extreme pHs, and the absence of sunlight. The microorganisms of the terrestrial deep biosphere have an excellent capacity for adapting to changing geochemistry, as the alteration of the crust proceeds

A Devonian siltstone from Orkney, Scotland, shows survival of biomarkers in high-velocity impact experiments. The biomarkers were detected in ejecta fragments from experiments involving normal incidence of steel projectiles at 5-6 km s-1, and in projectile fragments from impact experiments into sand and water at 2-5 km s-1. The associated peak shock pressures were calculated to be in the range of

Mark Burchell and the organizers of an RAS Specialist Discussion Meeting in May 2012 argue, on the basis of the Stardust and Hayabusa missions, that collecting samples from asteroids and comets offers a potentially rich scientific return – and one that can be exploited for many years to come.

Essentials: Research suggests that intensive treatment episodes may increase the risk to develop inhibitors. We performed an international nested case-control study with 298 non-severe hemophilia A patients. Surgery and a high dose of factor VIII concentrate were associated with increased inhibitor risk. Physicians need to review arguments for factor VIII dose and elective surgery extra critically

Filaments made of α-synuclein form the characteristic Lewy pathology in Parkinson and other diseases. The formation of α-synuclein filaments can be reproduced in vitro by incubation of recombinant protein, but the filament growth is very slow and highly variable and so unsuitable for fast high throughput anti-aggregation drug screening. To overcome this obstacle we have investigated whether the pr

Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) has become an increasing area of research as treatments for the motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD) have improved and the population of patients with PD grows and ages. If predictors could be used to identify a sub-population of patients at risk of developing an early PDD then research into its neuropathological basis and treatment could be more effectivel

The series comprised 49 Swedish patients with severe haemophilia G [belonging to 49 families (21 with known and 28 with sporadic haemophilia)l, of whom 12 had developed F.VIII inhibitors. Using Southern blotting, 45% (22/49) were found to have inversions, i.e., intrachromosomal rearrangements of the tip of the X chromosome. Twenty patients had one or the other of the two variants of inversions rec

Human activities have been marred for ages by conflicts of interest. This is no less true in the field of science. In the early years of the Nobel Prizes, little attention was focused on this aspect, but awareness steadily grew. In particular, this concerned Swedes nominated for Nobel Prizes, who were most likely themselves members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, but whose fellows at the

INTRODUCTION: Although estrogen and progesterone play a key role in normal mammary development and in breast cancer, the potential for proliferation and lineage differentiation as well as origin of cells that express the estrogen receptor (ER) in normal breast epithelium are not known. Some evidence suggests that normal human mammary stem/progenitor cells are ER-, but the identity of these cells a

Background and aims: Pharmacotherapy can be an important part of the continuum of care for alcohol use disorder (AUD). The Swedish universal health-care system emphasizes provision of care to marginalized groups. The primary aim was to test associations of neighborhood deprivation and disadvantaged social status with receipt of AUD pharmacotherapy in this context. Design: Data from linked populati

Complement-mediated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare disease associated with high mortality and morbidity. Renal biopsies often indicate thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). The condition is caused by an excessive activation of the alternative pathway leading to depositions of membrane attack complexes (MAC) on host cells. It may depend on mutations in complement components and reg

To address increasing climatic variability and extremes, cities are gradually forced to develop climate change adaptation strategies that can ensure a continuous and transformative adaptation process. There is widespread consensus that the sustainable establishment of such strategies requires transdisciplinary approaches, that is, the involvement of internal and external stakeholders (state, civil

This article solves the problem of how to obtain a zero-order hold sampled version of a state space system containing several time delays at arbitrary positions. No assumption is made on commensurability of the time delays. It is shown that the condition for obtaining a finite dimensional sampled system for all sampling periods is that there are 'no signal loops' around any of the time delays. A s

The functional architecture of spontaneous BOLD fluctuations has been characterized in detail by numerous studies, demonstrating its potential relevance as a biomarker. However, the systematic investigation of its consistency is still in its infancy. Here, we analyze within- and between-subject variability and test-retest reliability of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) in a unique data s

This study shows the result of a simulation of a proposed kinetic reaction scheme of high-concentration (5000 ppm NO) and high-temperature (570–800 K) selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 on a commercial vanadia based catalyst at a system pressure of 2.2 bar. The simulations are performed with COMSOL Multiphysics ver. 5.1. Experimental data from a catalytic flow reactor can be nicely fitte

SammanfattningRapporten är en del av slututvärderingen av Landsbygdsprogram för Sverige 2007-2013 och har tagits fram på uppdrag av Jordbruksverket. Den redovisar resultat och effekter som uppnåddes genom miljö- och klimatåtgärderna inom landsbygdsprogrammet, vilket omfattar samtliga insatser och ersättningar i axel 2, samt miljö- och klimatrelaterade utvärderingsfrågor för en del åtgärder i axel

Background: Lipoprotein(a) concentrations in plasma are associated with cardiovascular risk in the general population. Whether lipoprotein(a) concentrations or LPA genetic variants predict long-term mortality in patients with established coronary heart disease remains less clear. Methods: We obtained data from 3313 patients with established coronary heart disease in the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardi

Can humans produce well-timed blink responses to a neutral stimulus voluntarily, without receiving any blink-eliciting, unconditional, stimulus? And if they can, to what degree does classical eyeblink conditioning depend on volition? Here we show that voluntary blink responses learned in two paradigms that did not involve any unconditional blink-eliciting stimuli, display timing that is as good, o

Aims To examine whether baseline fasting plasma glucose (FPG) modifies the prognostic role of left ventricular (LV) mass, geometric pattern, and diastolic function, for prediction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Methods Population-based cohort study comprising of 1047 men and 456 women with preserved ejection fraction, included between 2002 and 2006, who underwent echocardiography based