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In situ microstructural evolution of spruce wood during soda pulping using synchrotron X-ray tomography

A new laboratory reactor to perform in situ studies of structural changes in wood during soda pulping using synchrotron X-ray tomography is presented. The reactor is of recirculation type to provide stable reaction conditions and mimic the industrial situation. Experiments have been performed using this reactor in situ at a synchrotron microtomography beamline to provide sequences of 3D images fro

Energy-Efficient Application-Specific Instruction-Set Processor for Feature Extraction in Smart Vision Systems

Smart vision sensor systems enable many computer vision applications such as autonomous drones and wearable devices. These battery-powered gadgets have very stringent power consumption requirements. Close-to-sensor feature extraction compressing the full image into descriptive keypoints, is crucial as it allows for several design optimizations. First, the amount of necessary on-chip memory can be

Release of moth pheromone compounds from Nicotiana benthamiana upon transient expression of heterologous biosynthetic genes

Background: Using genetically modified plants as natural dispensers of insect pheromones may eventually become part of a novel strategy for integrated pest management. Results: In the present study, we first characterized essential functional genes for sex pheromone biosynthesis in the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis (Walker) by heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Nicotiana

Associations Between Physical Activity, Self-reported Joint Function, and Molecular Biomarkers in Working Age Individuals With Hip and/or Knee Osteoarthritis

Objective: Previous research has suggested an association between physical activity (PA), joint function, and molecular biomarkers, but more studies are needed. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between PA or self-reported joint function and molecular biomarkers of cartilage and inflammation in individuals with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (OA). Specific objectives were to ex

Interaction of nanoparticles with lipid films : The role of symmetry and shape anisotropy

The bioactivity, biological fate and cytotoxicity of nanomaterials when they come into contact with living organisms are determined by their interaction with biomacromolecules and biological barriers. In this context, the role of symmetry/shape anisotropy of both the nanomaterials and biological interfaces in their mutual interaction, is a relatively unaddressed issue. Here, we study the interacti

The Österplana Fossil Meteorites and… What Else? Terrestrial Cr-Spinels and Zircons in the Ordovician Limestones of the Thorsberg Quarry (Sweden)

In the Ordovician limestone of the Thorsberg quarry (South Sweden), about 130 meteorites have been found. Among the extraterrestrial material, several terrestrial Cr-spinels and zircons have been found too. In particular, in the interval 416–447 cm above the Arkeologen bed, terrestrial Cr-spinels, compositionally different from previous studied Cr-spinels of the same sequence, are present. Previou

Modeling symbiotic biological nitrogen fixation in grain legumes globally with LPJ-GUESS (v4.0, r10285)

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) from grain legumes is of significant importance in global agricultural ecosystems. Crops with BNF capability are expected to support the need to increase food production while reducing nitrogen (N) fertilizer input for agricultural sustainability, but quantification of N fixing rates and BNF crop yields remains inadequate on a global scale. Here we incorporate tw

Production of Sustainable Proteins Through the Conversion of Insects to Proteins Using Beauveria bassiana Cultures

Various strategies are being suggested to solve the challenges in the food system, such as changing the source of nutrients, including the use of non-traditional food sources such as insects. Although insects are promoted as a cheap and sustainable source of protein, consumers are reluctant to eat them. The mycoproteins produced by fungi, on the other hand, are very well received and appreciated b

A “snap-shot” visual estimation of health and objectively measured frailty : capturing general health in aging older women

Background: In clinic, a subjective visual estimation of a patient’s general health often guides interventions, yet little is known of how this assessment relates to objectively measured frailty. Aims: To characterize the relationship between these two assessments and explore the implication of discordance. Methods: The study was performed in the OPRA cohort of 75-year old community-dwelling women

Bedömning av "rätt" hjärthalva hos patienter med pulmonell hypertension

Avhandlingens titel: ”Assessment of the right heart in pulmonary hypertension”Målet med avhandlingen var att undersöka de högersidiga hjärtrummens storlek ochfunktion hos patienter med förhöjt tryck i lungkretsloppet, pulmonell hypertension(PH). Detta utfördes i huvudsak med hjärtultraljud (ekokardiografi), men undersök -ningsmodaliteterna magnetkameraundersökning av hjärtat (MR) och högersidighjä

It’s all about seeing and hearing : the Editors’ and Readers’ Choice Awards 2022

This year marks the inauguration of the annual Editors’ Choice Award and the Readers’ Choice Award, each presented for outstanding original papers and review articles published in the Journal of Comparative Physiology A. The winners of the 2022 Editors’ Choice Award were determined by vote of the Editorial Board for the most highly recommended papers published in Volume 207 in 2021. They are ‘Visu

Presence of Delocalized Ti 3d Electrons in Ultrathin Single-Crystal SrTiO3

Strontium titanate (STO), with a wide spectrum of emergent properties such as ferroelectricity and superconductivity, has received significant attention in the community of strongly correlated materials. In the strain-free STO film grown on the SrRuO3 buffer layer, the existing polar nanoregions can facilitate room-temperature ferroelectricity when the STO film thickness approaches 10 nm. Here we

Habitat selection and foraging site fidelity in Caspian Terns (Hydroprogne caspia) breeding in the Baltic Sea

Habitat preferences and foraging strategies affect population-level space use and are therefore crucial to understanding population change and implementing spatial conservation and management actions. We investigated the breeding season habitat preference and foraging site fidelity of the under-studied and threatened, Baltic Sea population of Caspian Terns (Hydroprogne caspia). Using GPS devices,

Performances of Solidarity Worker Cooperatives: Evidences from Argentina

Since its origins in the 19th century, the SSE has instantiated a strong focus on the practice of solidarity alongside other political claims, thus supporting the idea that ‘another world is possible’, and economic transformation should accompany shifts in social relations (Laville and Salmon, 2014). However, despite its transformative poten-tial, solidarity has been the ‘silent S’ in the SSE, in

Insights into the Mechanism for Vertical Graphene Growth by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition

Vertically oriented graphene (VG) has attracted attention for years, but the growth mechanism is still not fully revealed. The electric field may play a role, but the direct evidence and exactly what role it plays remains unclear. Here, we conduct a systematic study and find that in plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, the VG growth preferably occurs at spots where the local field is stronge

Grassroots innovations, values and social change: The case of a grassroots organization in Buenos Aires

This article explores the role of values (Gehman, et al. 2013; Daskalaki et al. 2019) in the emergence and evolution of Grassroots Innovations (GIs) in the context of Argentina GIs are developed by communities as a means to overcome social exclusion while at the same time strive for a better future. GIs experience an intrinsic challenge: while they address social injustice, they are not able to ad

All you need is love: affective practices of caring as individuals’ mission-driver in social entrepreneurship

Whilst mission-driven or hybrid organisations take various forms, they allshare the challenge of navigating contradictory goals to combine social and commercial benefits to different degrees (Shepherd et al., 2019). Social Enterprises (SEs) are a form of mission-driven organisation that prioritise meeting social needs by bringing goods, services or other benefits to economically or politically exc