Even under physiological conditions, the DNA double-helix spontaneously denatures locally, opening up fluctuating, flexible, single-stranded zones called DNA-bubbles. We present a dynamical description of this DNA-bubble breathing in terms of a Fokker-Planck equation for the bubble size, based on the Poland-Scheraga free energy for DNA denaturation. From this description, we can obtain basic quant

We investigate the translocation of a stiff polymer consisting of M monomersthrough a nanopore in a membrane, in the presence of binding particles(chaperones) that bind onto the polymer, and partially prevent backsliding ofthe polymer through the pore. The process is characterized by the rates: kfor the polymer to make a diffusive jump through the pore, q for unbinding ofa chaperone, and the rate

We investigate the dynamics of a single local denaturation zone in a DNA molecule, a so-called DNA bubble, in the presence of single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSBs). In particular, we develop a dynamical description of the process in terms of a two-dimensional master equation for the time evolution of the probability distribution of having a bubble of size m with n bound SSBs, for the case wh

Low temperature combustion concepts used in compression ignition engines have shown to be able to produce simultaneous reduction of oxides of nitrogen and soot as well as generating higher gross indicated efficiencies compared to conventional diesel combustion. This is achieved by a combination of premixing, dilution and optimization of combustion phasing. Low temperature combustion can be comple

The combustion process in a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine is mainly governed by ignition wave propagation. The in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, and the emission characteristics are thus largely driven by the chemical kinetics of the fuel. As a result, CFD simulation of such combustion process is very sensitive to the employed reaction mechanism, which model the real

Konferensbidraget presenterar en forskningsplan för studiet av möjligheter och utmaningar behäftade med aggregering (insamling och sammanvägning) av den information som sammanställs i svenska myndigheters risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser.

The natural gas/diesel dual-fuel engine is an interesting technique to reduce greenhouse gas emission. A limitation of this concept is the emission of un-combusted methane. In this study we analyzed the influence of PFI gas-injection timing on cylinder to cylinder gas-distribution, and the resulting methane emissions. This was done on a 6 cylinder HD engine test bench and in a GT-power simulation

BACKGROUND: The wingless-type mammary tumour virus integration site 5A (WNT5A) agonist Foxy5 was shown in vitro to affect intracellular signalling implicated in the regulation of colonic cancer stem cells (CSCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In order to study whether Foxy5 can modulate CSCs, either HT-29 or Caco-2 human colonic cancer cells, both lacking endogenous WNT5A expression, were inoculated subc

Background Arterial blood gases (ABG) are essential for assessment of patients with severe illness, but sampling is difficult in some settings and more painful than for peripheral venous blood gas (VBG). Venous to Arterial Conversion (v-TAC; OBIMedical ApS, Denmark) is a method to calculate ABG values from a VBG and pulse oximetry (SpO 2 ). The aim was to validate v-TAC against ABG for measuring

On EU media policy with regard to the upcoming EU election

We present an efficient fiber source designed for continuous-wave differential absorption light detection and ranging (CW DIAL) of atmospheric CO 2 -concentration. It has a linewidth of 3 MHz, a tuning range of 2 nm over the CO 2 absorption peaks at 1.572 µm, and an output power of 1.3 W limited by available pump power. Results from the initial CW DIAL testing are also presented and discussed.

Despite emergency and essential surgery and anaesthesia care being recognised as a part of Universal Health Coverage, 5 billion people worldwide lack access to safe, timely and affordable surgery and anaesthesia care. In Tanzania, 19% of all deaths and 17 % of disability-adjusted life years are attributable to conditions amenable to surgery. It is recommended that countries develop and implement N

Measurements of the crystal size distribution performed over Southern Germany show that the effective diameter decrease 10-30% in cirrus clouds perturbed by aircraft. The reduction is more pronounced at higher cloud water content and is not observed at temperatures warmer than -30°C.

A study of the decays B s 0 → μ + μ − and B 0 → μ + μ − has been performed using 26.3 fb −1 of 13 TeV LHC proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016. Since the detector resolution in μ + μ − invariant mass is comparable to the B s 0 -B 0 mass difference, a single fit determines the signal yields for both decay modes. This results in a measurement of the branchi

The valence electronic structures of the amino acid glycine in aqueous solution were investigated in detail through X-ray emission spectroscopy at O 1s excitation under selective excitation conditions of the C[double bond, length as m-dash]O site in the carboxyl group. The X-ray emission spectra of glycine were similar to that of acetic acid (CH3COOH), suggesting a resemblance between the molecula