The minimization of a functional consisting of a combined L1/L2 data fidelity term and a total variation regularization term with a locally varying regularization parameter for the removal of mixed Gaussian–impulse noise is considered. Based on a related locally constrained optimization problem, algorithms for automatically selecting the spatially varying parameter are presented. Numerical experim

Choices of regularization parameters are central to variational methods for image restoration. In this paper, a spatially adaptive (or distributed) regularization scheme is developed based on localized residuals, which properly balances the regularization weight between regions containing image details and homogeneous regions. Surrogate iterative methods are employed to handle given subsampled dat

In this paper, we show additional properties of the limit of a sequence produced by the subspace correction algorithm proposed by Fornasier and Schönlieb [SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 47 (2009), pp. 3397-3428 for L2/TV-minimization problems. An important but missing property of such a limiting sequence in that paper is the convergence to a minimizer of the original minimization problem, which was obtaine

The utility of Dune-ACFem is demonstrated to work well for solving a non-smooth minimization problem over bounded variation functions by implementing a primal-dual algorithm. The implementation is based on the simplification provided by Dune-ACFem. Moreover, the convergence of the discrete minimizer to the continuous one is shown theoretically.

Proponents of the general factor of personality have suggested that it is related to more instances of agreeable, conscientious, emotionally stable, extraverted, and open behavior. We tested this frequency hypothesis by relating the GFP from personality self-ratings to the number of instances of typical Big Five behaviors in real life. For a period of 18 consecutive days, 108 students provided res

Proteoglycans have important biological activities. To improve the overall synthetic efficiency, a new chemoenzymatic route has been established for the proteoglycan linkage region bearing a galactose-xylose disaccharide. The xylosylated glycopeptides were synthesized via solid phase synthesis, which was followed by the addition of the galactose unit by the galactosyl transferase β4GalT7. This wor

Sustainability science is fundamentally an interdisciplinary venture, but what does this interdisciplinarity imply in practice? And how can, and should, we think about interdisciplinarity more generally? These are important philosophical and methodological questions for sustainability science, the answers to which remain at least partially out of sight for a variety of reasons. This chapter has th

This paper presents a structured optimization framework for reducing the computational complexity of LDPC decoders. Subject to specified performance constraints and adaptive to environment conditions, the proposed framework leverages the adjustable performance-complexity tradeoffs of the decoder to deliver satisfying performance with minimum computational complexity. More specifically, two constra

Background: Visual exploration of gene product behavior across multiple omic datasets can pinpoint technical limitations in data and reveal biological trends. Still, such exploration is challenging as there is a need for visualizations that are tailored for the purpose. Results: The OmicLoupe software was developed to facilitate visual data exploration and provides more than 15 interactive cross-d

Rhombohedral-stacked few-layer graphene (FLG) displays peculiar electronic properties that could lead to phenomena such as high-temperature superconductivity and magnetic ordering. To date, experimental studies have been mainly limited by the difficulty in isolating rhombohedral FLG with thickness exceeding 3 layers and device-compatible size. In this work, we demonstrate the synthesis and transfe

An overview of the development, and use of, fictive languages in literature, movies and TV-shows from ancient Greece to 2021.

The difficult manufacturing of helical baffles hinders the widespread application of the enhancement technology and the shortcut leakage between adjacent baffles impairs the enhancement effects. To solve these two issues, the promising anti-leakage and easy-to-manufacture helical baffles with small inclined angle and folded structure are proposed, which can be produced by 2D laser cutting and simp

A number of scholars and industry professionals have claimed that there has been a ‘software-biased shift’ in the nature and direction of innovation, in that software development is a core part of innovation activities in firms across a wide array of industries. Empirical firm-level evidence of such a shift is still scant. In this paper, we employ new and unique firm-level survey data on the frequ

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) screening using digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has been shown to increase cancer detection compared with mammography; however, it is unknown whether DBT impacts interval cancer rate (ICR). Methods: We systematically identified prospective DBT studies reporting data on screen-detected and interval BCs to perform a study-level meta-analysis of the comparative eff

Septins are an example of subtle molecular recognition whereby different paralogues must correctly assemble into functional filaments important for essential cellular events such as cytokinesis. Most possess C-terminal domains capable of forming coiled coils which are believed to be involved in filament formation and bundling. Here, we report an integrated structural approach which aims to unravel

Background: To identify apolipoprotein E (APOE)-specific factors that may predict life expectancy after a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Method: The Swedish Alzheimer Treatment Study (SATS) is a prospective, observational, clinical-practice-based, multicentre study that includes 999 participants diagnosed with mild-to-moderate AD at the start of cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) therapy (tim