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The screening of plate-plate interactions by counterions is an age-old problem. We revisit this classic question when counterions exhibit a distribution of charges. While it is expected that the long-distance regime of interactions is universal, the behaviour of the inter-plate pressure at smaller distances should a priori depend rather severely on the nature of the ionic mixture screening the pla
Valves are widely used for fluid flow control, not only for conventional fluid like water, gas and oil, but also for hydrogen under high pressure and so forth. Under these new conditions, the response time and energy consumption of valves are closely related to the whole performance of the piping system. Pilot-control globe valve (PCGV) is a novel quick response valve, which can utilize the pressu
Background: The recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) have identified the pancreatic β-cell as the culprit in the pathogenesis of the disease. Mitochondrial metabolism plays a crucial role in the processes controlling release of insulin and β-cell mass. This notion implies that mechanisms controlling mitochondrial function have the potential to play a decisive path
Laminar methane/air premixed Bunsen flames were studied using detailed numerical simulations and laser diagnostics. In the numerical simulations one-dimensional and two-dimensional configurations were considered with detailed transport properties and chemical kinetic mechanism. In the measurements OH PLIF was employed. The flame structures vary with varying equivalence ratio and pressure. For stoi
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To study selective regional binding for tau pathology in vivo, using PET with [(11) C]PBB3 in PSP patients, and other conditions not typically associated with tauopathy.METHODS: Dynamic PET scans were obtained for 70 minutes after the bolus injection of [(11) C]PBB3 in 5 PSP subjects, 1 subject with DCTN1 mutation and PSP phenotype, 3 asymptomatic SNCA duplication carrie
According to a widely accepted constraint on the content of intentions, here called the exclusivity constraint, one cannot intend to perform another agent’s action, even if one might be able to intend that she performs it. For example, while one can intend that one’s guest leaves before midnight, one cannot intend to perform her act of leaving. However, Deborah Tollefsen’s (2005) account of joint
Perception of an affordance is enhanced not only when the relevant object is located in one’s own peripersonal space, as compared to when it is located within extrapersonal space, but also when the object is located in another person’s peripersonal space (as measured by a Spatial Alignment Effect (SAE)). It has been suggested that this reflects the existence of an interpersonal body representation
What is required for several agents to intentionally φ together? I argue that each of them must believe or assume that their φ-ing is a single end that each intends to contribute to. Various analogies between intentional singular action and intentional joint action show that this doxastic single end condition captures a feature at the very heart of the phenomenon of intentional joint action. For i
In 'Joint Action and Development', Stephen Butterfill argues that if several agents' actions are driven by what he calls a "shared goal" -- a certain pattern of goal-relations and expectations -- then these actions constitute a joint action. This kind of joint action is sufficiently cognitively undemanding for children to engage in, and therefore has the potential to play a part in fostering their
According to the standard story given by reductive versions of the Causal Theory of Action, an action is an intrinsically mindless bodily movement that is appropriately caused by an intention. Those who embrace this story typically take this intention to have a coarse-grained content, specifying the action only down to the level of the agent’s habits and skills. Markos Valaris (2015) argues that,
Leading philosophical accounts of joint activity, such as Michael Bratman’s account of ‘shared intentional activity’, take joint activity to be the outcome of two or more agents having a ‘shared intention’, where this is a certain pattern of mutually known prior intentions (plans) that are directed toward a common goal. With Bratman’s account as a foil, I address two lacunas that are relatively un
The view that an agent’s cognitive processes sometimes include proper parts found outside the skin and skull of the agent is gaining increasing acceptance in philosophy of mind. One main empirical touchstone for this so-called active externalism is Edwin Hutchins’ theory of distributed cognition (DCog). However, the connection between DCog and active externalism is far from clear. While active ext
Critics argue that non-cognitivism cannot adequately account for the existence and nature of some thick moral concepts. They use the existence of thick concepts as a lever in an argument against non-cognitivism, here called the Thick Concept Argument (TCA). While TCA is frequently invoked, it is unfortunately rarely articulated. In this paper, TCA is first reconstructed on the basis of John McDowe
