A low phase noise CMOS LC quadrature VCO (QVCO) with a wide frequency range of 3.6-5.6 GHz, designed in a standard 0.18 /spl mu/m process for multi-standard front-ends, is presented. A significant advantage of the topology is the larger oscillation amplitude when compared to other conventional QVCO structures. The QVCO is compared to a double cross-coupled LC-tank differential oscillator, both in

Muscular deficits and functional limitations have been found years after meniscectomy of the knee. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to examine the effect of functional exercise training on functional performance and isokinetic thigh muscle strength in middle-aged patients subsequent to meniscectomy for a degenerative tear. Four years after meniscectomy, 45 patients (29 men, 16 w

BACKGROUND: Liver resection is a possibly curative treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases. Preoperative chemotherapy may make initially irresectable tumors resectable. The aim of this study was to compare perioperative course and short-term mortality after liver resection for CRC metastases between patients who were and were not treated with preoperative chemotherapy. METHODS: Pati

The placenta is vital for fetal growth and development. Improvement in ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have improved our understanding of placental morphology that can be important as in the case of placental accrete/percreta. Functional imaging is presently mainly performed by the use of Doppler ultrasound and can give information on placental perfusion, which can be vital for clinical

Schumpeter, Dahmén, Schön, Freeman, and other evolutionary scholars have shown that economic transformation and technological change are necessary prerequisites for long-term economic growth. However, for the Swedish case the exact sectoral and regional anatomy of the technology shift taking place since 1978 has not yet been disentangled. In this thesis, a disaggregation of the national process is

BACKGROUND: Of all patients with low back pain, 85% are diagnosed as "non-specific lumbar pain". Lumbar instability has been described as one specific diagnosis which several authors have described as delayed muscular responses, impaired postural control as well as impaired muscular coordination among these patients. This has mostly been measured and evaluated in a laboratory setting. There are fe

Somliga kanske ser ”interkommunal samverkan” som ett desperat uttryck från svaga kommuner, kämpande för sitt liv. Så kan det vara i en del fall, men inte i alla. Det krävs nämligen kraft för att hjälpas åt. Att lämna över en del av sitt eget öde – och ta ansvar för andras – är ingen avkoppling. Att samverka kan med andra ord likaväl vara ett tecken på styrka och framgång som en signal om svaghet o

A huge quantity of gene and protein sequences have become available during the post-genomic era, and information about genetic variations, including amino acid substitutions and SNPs, is accumulating rapidly. To understand the effects of these changes, it is often essential to apply bioinformatics tools. Where there is a lack of homologous sequences or a three-dimensional structure, it becomes ess

Experimental oscillator strengths for 19 ultraviolet lines of Pd II have been derived from measurements of line intensities in calibrated Fourier transform spectra, combined with picosecond-pulse laser measurements of radiative lifetimes. Five of these 19 lines, in addition to other Pd nr lines, are present in Hubble Space Telescope/Goddard High-Resolution Spectrograph echelle spectra of the chemi

Cigarette smoking is a strong cardiovascular risk factor and endothelin (ET) receptors are related to coronary artery diseases. The present study established an in vivo secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure model and investigated the hypothesis that cigarette smoke induces ET receptor upregulation in rat coronary arteries and its possible underlying mechanisms.

Background: Despite considerable racial and geographical differences in human phenotypes and in the incidence of diseases that may be associated with sex steroid action, there are few data concerning variation in sex steroid levels among populations. We designed an international study to determine the degree to which geography and race influence sex steroid levels in older men. Methods: Using mass