In this project, I investigate the combination of Natural Language Processing (NLP) with Item Response Theory (IRT) to advance the assessment and scoring of open response items. Traditional psychometric assessments are grounded in well-defined quality standards, yet assessments based on natural language have missed meeting these standards. To address this gap, I integrate NLP processed open respon

With increasing country-level gender equality, country-level gender differences in personality are found to increase. This is known as the Gender-Equality-Personality-Paradox (GEPP). Possibly, the GEPP is a methodological artefact. So far, the personality trait scoring method has not been investigated as a potential source of the GEPP. Three kinds of scores were investigated in the present study:

It is well known that reformulating the original problem can be crucial for the performance of mixed-integer programming (MIP) solvers. To ensure correctness, all transformations must preserve the feasibility status and optimal value of the problem, but there is currently no established methodology to express and verify the equivalence of two mixed-integer programs. In this work, we take a first s

Building on the progress in Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solving over the last decades, maximum satisfiability (MaxSAT) has become a viable approach for solving NP-hard optimization problems. However, ensuring correctness of MaxSAT solvers has remained a considerable concern. For SAT, this is largely a solved problem thanks to the use of proof logging, meaning that solvers emit machine-verifiable

Pseudo-Boolean proof logging has been used successfully to provide certificates of optimality from a variety of constraint- and satisifability-style solvers that combine reasoning with a backtracking or clause-learning search. Another paradigm, occurring in dynamic programming and decision diagram solving, instead reasons about partial states and possible transitions between them. We describe a fr

Industrial packaging plays an important role in the performance and environmental efficiency of supplychains. Despite it being so important, the implications that industrial packaging decisions have on thelogistics operations (and vice-versa) are not completely understood. This thesis contributes to theunderstanding of the impacts of sustainable industrial packaging by discussing the importance of

Title: Performance measurement within Volvo Performance System - Alignment during implementation & leading or lagging position Author: Linn Sperre Supervisors: Bertil I Nilsson, supervisor at the Faculty of Engineering, Lund University & Karin Frykholm, supervisor at Volvo Penta Background & Context: The setting of this master’s thesis takes place in an ever changing environment wh

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder caused by an apparent degeneration of orexin/hypocretin neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area and a subsequent decrease in orexin/hypocretin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Narcolepsy is classified into type 1 (NT1) and type 2 (NT2). While genetic associations in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region and candidate autoantibodies have been investigated in NT1

This study adopts a configurational approach to discover conditions common to graduates from venture creation programs who take a particular learning pathway to high entrepreneurial passion. Our theoretical framework identifies two primary sources of experiential learning (direct and vicarious experience) and three temporal vantage points (pre-, peri-, and post-education) conducive to such conditi

A search is presented for flavour-changing neutral-current interactions involving the top quark, the Higgs boson and an up-type quark (q=u,c) with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis considers leptonic decays of the top quark along with Higgs boson decays into two W bosons, two Z bosons or a τ+τ- pair. It focuses on final states containing either two leptons (electrons or

Intrapreneurship, or entrepreneurship within existing organisations, is crucial for innovation and competitive advantage in fast-changing markets. This thesis explores how intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors foster intrapreneurial activities among employees in the Swedish food industry and how organisational culture influences these factors. Using a deductive qualitative approach, the stu

Objective: Acromegaly is associated with increased morbidity and mortality if left untreated. The therapeutic options include surgery, medical treatment, and radiotherapy. Several guidelines and recommendations on treatment algorithms and follow-up exist. However, not all recommendations are strictly evidence-based. To evaluate consensus on the treatment and follow-up of patients with acromegaly i

Importance: There is uncertainty about whether prolonged infusions of β-lactam antibiotics improve clinically important outcomes in critically ill adults with sepsis or septic shock. Objective: To determine whether prolonged β-lactam antibiotic infusions are associated with a reduced risk of death in critically ill adults with sepsis or septic shock compared with intermittent infusions. Data Sourc

In this paper, we describe the extraction of all the location entries from a prominent Swedish encyclopedia from the early 20th century, the Nordisk Familjebok 'Nordic Family Book.' We focused on the second edition called Uggleupplagan, which comprises 38 volumes and over 182,000 articles. This makes it one of the most extensive Swedish encyclopedias. Using a classifier, we first determined the ca

An issue of inclusionary language use in France has been debated since the 1980’s. Some French actors are in strong opposition to the language policy being changed, others are not. Actors such as linguists-lexicographers, members of the Académie françias, writers and politicians have contributed to the media discussions that are in focus of my research. Applying theoretical perspectives on languag

This thesis attempts to describe how Right-Wing Populist Parties (RWPPs) adapt their populist rhetoric after reaching power. This research takes the case of Italy, where two RWPPs – Fratelli d’Italia (FdI) and Lega – formed a coalition government with the mainstream party Forza Italia after their alliance won the 2022 legislative elections. Through the holistic grading (a form of content analysis)

We take our empirical and theoretical starting point in the practices of ecopreneurship in the making of marine markets. Seaweed has gained renewed relevance in the wake of a growing interest in alternative production and consumption. This coincides with a widespread interest in the environment and the production of sustainable lifestyles. In this context, there are a number of women entrepreneurs