With millions of yearly beach visitors in southern California, beach water quality represents an important factor in public health and ocean dependent economy. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in water is much easier to measure than disease causing organisms but correlation exists between the two. For this reason, FIB concentrations are used to measure recreational water quality and related health r

Globally 884 million people depend on unsafe drinking water, of which 159 million depend on untreated surface water (WHO, 2017). In Tanzania 44% of the popula- tion lack access to safe drinking water (WaterAid, 2017). Women and children in the small city of Chonyonyo, in Karagwe district are walking several hours a day for contaminated drinking water. According to a study, carried out in TanzaniIn Chonyonyo, a village in north-west Tanzania, the majority of the population have no access to the groundwater beneath them. Every day, women and children walk several hours to a hole shared with animals, to collect contaminated drinking water for their families’ domestic needs. This report shows that the groundwater resources in the area are sufficient to supply the people of Chonyonyo with fre

When households do their grocery shopping some sort of shopping list is used to make the shopping easier. The lists contain the groceries that are intended for purchase. These lists can be boring to make and is also not free from errors, so an automated way to generate these lists would be practical. This Master’s thesis aims to generate these shopping lists with data from past grocery receipts by

Landfill mining - Dagens soptippar som morgondagens gruvor. I takt med att planeten utsätts för allt större miljömässiga utmaningar och minskande resurstillgångar blir arbetet med att styra samhällen mot en mer hållbar utveckling allt viktigare. Trots detta har våra sopor både historiskt och på många platser i världen än idag, hamnat på deponier där potentiellt värdefulla resurser grävts ner. I In a global effort to reduce the human impact on the environment researchers and companies are looking into the prospect to extract valuable resources from discarded waste stacked up in landfills all over the world. Through excavating old landfills (also called: Landfill Mining) greenhouse gas emissions can be avoided, important rescores recovered and at the same time reduce pollutants and provide

Energy Opticon AB erbjuder mjukvaran Energy Optima 3, ett beslutstödsprogram för att hjälpa produktionsplanerare optimera driften av kraft-, fjärrvärme-, och kraftvärmeverk. Målet med projektet är att föreslå ett förslag på ett nytt gränssnitt för programmet baserat på en användarcentrerad designprocess. Informationssamling gjordes via datatriangulering från tumregler inom interaktionsdesign, inte

The Kenyan central rift has witnessed dramatic climatic changes over relatively short periods of time in response to global climatic changes, with the water levels of the lakes within the rift rising and falling with these changing conditions. There is considerable evidence showing extreme wet and dry phases throughout their existence. These wet and dry phases also influenced the vegetation cover,

The essay, The New Clothes of Death is about the funeral customs in Sweden from a culture-historical perspective with an ethnological touch. The essay deals with our present day relation to death and how this can be transformed to the dead person. The questions are highlighted with observations from two funerals, one cremation and, studies of the cemetery environment and the culture of the graves.

Skuldsaneringsinstitutet kom till för att hjälpa överskuldsatta människor att lösa sina ekonomiska problem när det till synes inte fanns någon annan utväg. Den första svenska skuldsaneringslagen tillkom år 1994 för att möta de behov som bankkrisen under början av 1990-talet hade skapat. Efter det har skuldsaneringsförfarandet utvecklats och förenklats, och förra året kom den tredje versionen av skThe institute of debt reconstruction was founded as a last resort to help people who are heavily in debt to get their finances in order. The first law of debt reconstruction was founded in 1994 to meet the needs created by the banking crisis in the early 1990’s. After that the debt reconstruction procedure has evolved and simplified, and last year came the third version of the law of debt reconstr

Felaktiga domar sker i både Sverige och andra stater. Detta trots att straffprocessen innehåller starka krav på rättssäkerhet så som oskyldighetspresumtionen och rätten att inte bli lagförd två gånger för samma sak. Den senare principen hänger ihop med regeln om att när en dom inte längre kan överklagas får den rättskraft, innebärande att fallet inte får prövas igen i ny rättegång. Alla ordinära rWrongful convictions happen both in Sweden and other countries, even though the criminal justice system is filled with principles regarding the rule of law, such as the presumption of innocence and the right not to be tried or punished twice. The latter is closely linked with the general rule that once a verdict no longer can be appealed, it enjoys legal force (prejudice), meaning the case cannot

Övervikt och fetma hos barn och ungdomar i Sverige har ökat de senaste decennierna. Flera studier visar att om tidig övervikt och fetma hos barn inte får möjlighet till behandling är prognosen dålig till att de kan bli normalviktiga i vuxen ålder. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva distriktssköterskans erfarenheter av att arbeta med barns övervikt och fetma inom barnhälsovården. Metoden

Om en moder uppsåtligen dödar sitt barn vid födseln eller under vissa förutsättningar efteråt, döms hon för brottet barnadråp. Det innebär att hennes gärning får ett lägre straff än vad som annars blivit fallet vid uppsåtligt dödande. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka bakgrunden till införandet av bestämmelsen om barnadråp och kritiskt analysera om denna särreglering är nödvändig i gällandIf a mother deliberately kills her child at birth or under certain conditions afterwards, she is convicted of the crime infanticide. This means that her deed will be punished with a lower penalty than otherwise in cases of intentional killing. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the background to pass the crime infanticide in law and critically analyze whether this special regulation is n

The kinetics of the catalytic conversion of ortho- to parahydrogen was studied for the two catalysts, IONEX® and OXISORB®. The study also involved the optimization of an experimental technique for the conversion of orthohydrogen in a static setup. The main focus of the optimization being directed towards the analytical setup, where the acquisition of information and interpretation of the data were

Small molecules, and their fragmentation to smaller constituents upon excitation, are often used to understand how the bonds in a molecule are formed and how they break. One of such widely studied model molecule is CO2. This study aims at extending the knowledge of dissociation of carbon dioxide by measuring also the negatively charged fragments. In addition, these anions are linked to positive io

Accurate quantitative protein analysis is crucial to identify proteins that are differentially abundant between samples, to provide clues about disease mechanisms or act as biomarkers. However, in most workflows, proteins are digested to peptides, and the resulting peptides are quantified as proxies for proteins. No consensus method for going from peptide to protein level quantification exist, and

With the rapid development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) industry the demand for power has also increased. ICT tends to play a significant role in global greenhouse gas emissions. It was responsible for 10% of world’s total energy consumption in 2010 and is doubling in every 10 years [1]. Cellular networks are among the main energy consumers in the ICT field. To have an environ

Att designa flygplansskrov är en komplicerad process, men den kan underlättas med hjälp av så kallad topologioptimering. Med en nyutvecklad programvara skulle konstruktörer tidigt kunna få fram hur en struktur bör se ut för att uppnå den bästa designen – om programvaran implementeras på ett effektivt sätt. Topologioptimering är en matematisk metod för att få fram den bästa materialdistributionenAlthough topology optimization is a powerful tool for generating the most beneficial material distribution of a loaded structure, it has yet to become a part of the design engineer’s work at Saab Aeronautics. With a newly developed software tool which focuses on the concept phase design, there are hopes that its use can allow the design engineer to generate as optimal concepts as possible early in

The purpose of the report has been to investigate the risks of stove fires. Consideration has been given to the likelihood that the incident leads to fire and how dangerous the smoke is for people still in the space. To answer the questions, two different methods have been used, statistical analysis and practical experiments. The conclusion is that it is unlikely that a fire will occur unless ther

Additiv tillverkning, eller 3d Printing, är en teknik i sin barndom. Den har sina rötter tillbaka i 1980-talet när den först var uppfunnen. Sedan dess har mer och mer utveckling gjort inom området och användandet av 3d utskrifter för tillverkningsindustrin ökar kontinuerligt. 3d utskrivning började som ett verktyg för prototyptillverkning i utvecklingsstadiet men har nu vuxit och används nu i högtAdditive manufacturing, or 3d printing, is a technology in its infancy. It has its roots back in the 1980th when the technology was first invented. Since then more and more development has been made in the area and the use of 3d printing for manufacturing of components is steadily increasing. While it started out as a technique to build preproduction prototypes it is now used in advanced end-use p

Transistor av materialet grafen. En av världens största uppfinningar är också den minsta av dom alla. Transistorn storlek är endast 1/5000 av ett hårstrå. Men låt inte detta lura er, tack vare denna smarta uppfinning utför din mobil mer och mer avancerade uppgifter. Transistorn sägs vara en av de största uppfinningarna i modern historia. Uppfinningen har nämnts i samma klass som bilen och telefoToday, transistors with 20 nanometer (nm) channel length are in mass production and many researchers believe that we are reaching a limit with downsizing conventionally used silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) [1]. To keep up with the trend of making the transistor smaller, new channel materials are studied, and graphene has come into the spotlight. Graphene became