The T-matrix method (also called the "extended boundary condition method" or "null field approach") is a formalism, which applies to scattering of linear classical waves (i.e. acoustic, electromagnetic and elastic waves). The object of this thesis is to extend the T-Matrix formalism to a geometry consisting of twohalf-spaces, one of which contains a three-dimensional inhomogeneity. The two half-sp

Pontocerebellar hypoplasias are congenital disorders of brain morphogenesis which include such diverse etiologies as carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type 1, cerebromuscular dystrophies (Walker-Warburg syndrome, Fukuyama syndrome, muscle-eye-brain disease) and at least two types of autosomal recessive neurodegenerations known as pontocerebellar hypoplasia type I and II. Pontocerebellar

This guideline aims to describe the complement system and the functions of the constituent pathways, with particular focus on primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) and their diagnosis and management. The complement system is a crucial part of the innate immune system, with multiple membrane-bound and soluble components. There are three distinct enzymatic cascade pathways within the complement system,

In a world of nearly 10 billion people, competition for the conditions of life and wealth can only accelerate. Our contention is that with such increasing competition, more and more material as well as immaterial things will be turned into resources – a process that we suggest to label resourcification.Resourcification is not another term for processes of economisation such as commodification and

Background: Subjective well-being refers to the extent to which a person believes or feels that her life is going well. It is considered as one of the best available proxies for a broader, more canonical form of well-being. For over 30 years, one important distinction in the conceptualization of subjective well-being is the contrast between more affective evaluations of biological emotional reacti

Animal eyes typically possess specialized regions for guiding different behavioural tasks within their specific visual habitat. These specializations, and evolutionary changes to them, can be crucial for understanding an animal's ecology. Here, we explore how the visual systems of some of the smallest flying insects, fungus gnats, have adapted to different types of forest habitat over time (approx

Background: Neural interfaces often elicit inflammatory responses and neuronal loss in the surrounding tissue which adversely affect the function and longevity of the implanted device. Minocycline, an anti-inflammatory pharmaceutics with neuroprotective properties, may be used for reducing the acute brain tissue responses after implantation. However, conventional administration routes require high

Agrobiodiversity—the variation within agricultural plants, animals, and practices—is often suggested as a way to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change on crops [S. A. Wood et al., Trends Ecol. Evol. 30, 531–539 (2015)]. Recently, increasing research and attention has focused on exploiting the intraspecific genetic variation within a crop [Hajjar et al., Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 123, 261–

Accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) and loss of synapses are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). How synaptic activity relates to Aβ accumulation and loss of synapses is a current topic of major interest. Synaptic activation promotes Aβ secretion, and chronic reduction of synaptic activity reduced Aβ plaques in an AD transgenic mouse model. This suggested beneficial effects of reducing synaptic acti

Background: While quantitative research has provided valuable information, studies presenting patients' experiences have been lacking in the field of knowledge of home mechanical ventilation. The aim of this study was, therefore, to present patient views and suggestions about how to improve home ventilator care and treatment.Method: Data in the present study comprise 35 qualitative research interv

This article describes a model of a student-centered Clinical Education Unit (CEU) within an undergraduate nursing education programme. The model comprises three various levels of learning in the nursing education programme at School of Health Sciences, University College of Borås, Sweden. The three levels of learning correspond to the first, second and third programme years of the nursing educati

We investigate how the life satisfaction of migrants is affected by life satisfaction in their background country and in their new country of residence. In particular, we contribute to the literature by differentiating between first- and second-generation immigrants and by differentiating between types of background country. Using data from the European Social Survey on 30,000 immigrants from 200

Non-linear homogenization of hyperelastic materials is reviewed and adapted to topology optimization. The homogenization is based on the method of multiscale virtual power in which the unit cell is subjected to either macroscopic deformation gradients or equivalently to Bloch type displacement boundary conditions. A detailed discussion regarding domain symmetry of the unit cell and its effect on u

A key challenge in pilot training and performance assessment is the lack of insight into pilot visual behavior. Without this, it is difficult for an instructor to assess, e.g., whether pilots fail because they did not monitor the instruments or because they did not act on them, and whether pilots comply with monitoring aspects of the Standard Operating Procedures. Eye tracking provides the opportu

AIM: Routine colonoscopy to exclude colorectal cancer (CRC) after CT-verified acute diverticulitis is controversial. This study aimed to compare the incidence of CRC in acute diverticulitis patients with that in the general population. METHOD: Patients with an emergency admission for diverticular disease, to any Norwegian hospital, between January 1st , 2008 and December 31st , 2010 were included

Visst vore det fint om vi kunde producera nödvändiga kemikalier mer effektivt, förse alla människor med de läkemedel de behöver till en lägre kostnad än vad som är möjligt idag, och förhindra översvämningar i stadsmiljö? Men vad har dessa tre ting gemensamt, egentligen? Jo, att man kan optimera de olika processer som ligger bakom alla tre! Processer finns i princip överallt i världen, komplexa som eComplex processes can be seen as a series of actions, changes, and/or events that are related in different temporospatial manners, and thus are potentially difficult to understand. Optimizing such a process is therefore not necessarily a simple feat, and doing it experimentally may become both time-consuming and expensive. Computer-aided optimization therefore lends itself as a viable alternative,