Incorporation of bowel into the bladder (enterocystoplasty) has been widely used to increase bladder capacity. It has been reported by others that the response of smooth muscle from the cystoplastic segment of the intestine shifts from that of the intestine (relaxation to α-agonists and ATP) to that of the bladder (contraction to α-agonists and ATP). This suggests a functional integration of the i

Mechanisms that mediate apoptosis resistance are attractive therapeutic targets for cancer. Protein kinase C delta (PKC delta) is considered a pro-apoptotic factor in many cell types. In breast cancer, however, it has shown both pro-survival and pro-apoptotic effects. Here, we report for the first time that down-regulation of PKC delta per se leads to apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Inhibition of M

This study examined the influence of insulin and glucose on the transcapillary fluid absorption during lower body negative pressure (LBNP) in humans. Ten healthy males [23 (1) years] were exposed to LBNP of 45 cmH(2)O on two occasions: (1) before and during a hyperinsulinaemic clamp (HI) and (2) before and during a hyperglycaemic clamp (HG). Transcapillary fluid absorption and blood flow were reco

The Upper Ordovician Kyrkas Quartzite Formation at the Nifsasen Quarry (Jamtland, Sweden) exhibits c. 90 m of siliciclastic sedimentary rocks deposited on a shallow shelf at the cratonattached part of tile Caledonian foreland basin. Five lithologies are distinguished, including claystone, mudstone, siltstone, subarkose and sublitharenite. Based on these five lithologies, sedimentary structures and

We have investigated whether the differentiation potential of attached cultures derived from the mouse lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) is influenced by in vitro expansion. Primary neuronal cultures derived from the LGE give rise to neurons expressing the striatal projection neuron markers Islet1 (ISL1) and dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32 kilodaltons (DARPP-32) as well as the olf

This paper describes a direct digital RF amplitude modulator, which uses a 10-bit linear interpolation current steering digital to analog converter (DAC) and a Gilbert cell mixer to generate an RF amplitude modulated signal directly. The linear interpolation increases the attenuation of the DAC's image components. The low pass filter (LPF) is eliminated, and the RF transmitter structure can be sim

OBJECTIVE: The effects of two antihypertensive drugs, methyldopa and isradipine, on fetal heart rate pattern were analyzed by computerized cardiotocography. STUDY DESIGN: The first part of the study was a prospective, randomized, controlled trial of 19 women with preeclampsia in the third trimester given 2.5 mg of oral slow-release isradipine twice a day or 250 mg of methyldopa three times a day.

Identifying relevant subgroups of nonspecific low back pain patients may improve research efficiency and clinical outcomes. This article presents available data supporting the rationale behind a new pathoanatomic oriented classification system for low back pain. A systematic framework was used to assess issues of validity, reliability, feasibility, and generalizability. Results from studies examin

Flows over two tandem cylinders were analysed using the newly developed collocated unstructured computational fluid dynamics (CUCFD) code, which is capable of handling complex geometries. A Reynolds number of 100, based on cylinder diameter, was used to ensure that the flow remained laminar. The validity of the code was tested through comparisons with benchmark solutions for flow in a lid-friven c

This review summarizes the knowledge on striated domains, which are ordered assemblies of transmembrane peptides and lipids under gel-state conditions. The structure, mechanism of function and utility of this system as a model for domain formation is described, resulting in a molecular description of the domains and a discussion on the relevance of these insights for the function/formation and str

The post-burn immune dysfunction predisposes patients to sepsis and multiple organ failure leading to increased mortality. HIV infection also results in a depressed immune response. The combination of burn injury and HIV might therefore lead to an increased morbidity and mortality as compared to non-HIV infected burn patients. Twenty burn patients and 10 healthy volunteers were included in a prosp

Today embedded control systems are created using tools that give insufficient support for rapid prototyping and code reuse. New tools for the implementation of embedded controllers are necessary. This paper presents the experimental software framework Palsjo, and the language PAL. The Palsjo system is a rapid prototyping environment designed to support on-line system reconfigurations and code reus

Asthma is an increasingly common disorder, affecting 5-10% of the population. It involves a dysregulated immune function, which may predispose to subsequent cancer. We examined cancer risk among Swedish subjects who had hospital admission once or multiple times for asthma. An asthma research database was created by identifying asthma patients from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register and by lin

Energy balances are analysed from a life-cycle perspective for biogas systems based on 8 different raw materials. The analysis is based on published data and relates to Swedish conditions. The results show that the energy input into biogas systems (i.e. large-scale biogas plants) overall corresponds to 20-40% (on average approximately 30%) of the energy content in the biogas produced. The net ener

The crustose lichenized fungi in the Acarosporaceae are splendid examples of organisms managing to survive in extremely harsh environments, such as highly mineralized rocks and low-pH habitats. Some representatives of the Acarospora smaragdula complex are known to accumulate substantial amounts of potentially toxic metals including iron and copper, resulting in populations with highly divergent co