BACKGROUND: Primary cervical screening with both human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing and cytological examination of cervical cells with a Pap test (cytology) has been evaluated in randomized clinical trials. Because the vast majority of women with positive cytology are also HPV DNA positive, screening strategies that use HPV DNA testing as the primary screening test may be more effective. METHO

By studying law implementation in different areas and at different levels, contributors from various disciplines give a nuanced picture of law implementation in China, showing that it is rare to find examples of complete success or failure. Instead, making law work in actual practice, and in any society, is a matter of degree. The study is multidisciplinary in character and builds on insights from

It is not fully understood how much growth stresses affect the final quality of solid timber products in terms of, e.g. shape stability. It is, for example, difficult to predict the internal growth stress field within the tree stem. Growth stresses are progressively generated during the tree growth and they are highly influenced by climate, biologic and material-related factors. To increase the kn

Better estimates of the net exchange of CO(2) between the atmosphere and the terrestrial biosphere are urgently needed to improve predictions of future CO(2) levels in the atmosphere. The carbon cycle data assimilation system (CCDAS) offers the capability of inversion, while it is at the same time based on a process model that can be used independent of observational data. CCDAS allows the assimil

Björn Lindman has for fifty years had an active role in science and technology. His main contributions are briefly described. In the science part particular emphasis is put on his studies of ion binding, of amphiliphilc self-association, of molecular diffusion in solution and of polymer-surfactant systems. Furthermore we describe his role in introducing scientific areas, his role in scientific col

A study of a book dedicated to Gustavus II Adolphus. The author, the Dutch humanist and diplomat (in Swedish service) Jan Rutgers (Janus Rutgersius), takes as his point of departure the fact that GVSTAVVS is an anagramme for AVGVSTVS. This enables him to praise the Swedish king by referring to the Roman emperor as a model for a great monarch.

Using synchrotron based photoemission, we have investigated the Mn-induced changes in Ga 3d core level spectra from as-grown Ga(1-x)Mn(x)As. Although Mn is located in Ga substitutional sites, and therefore does not have any Ga nearest neighbors, the impact of Mn on the Ga core level spectra is pronounced even at Mn concentrations in the region of 0.5%. The analysis shows that each Mn atom affects

High-spin states in the doubly magic N=Z nucleus Ni-56 have been investigated with three fusion-evaporation reaction experiments. New gamma-ray transitions are added, and a confirmation of a previously suggested prompt proton decay from a rotational band in Ni-56 into the ground state of Co-55 is presented. The rotational bands in Ni-56 are discussed within the framework of cranked Nilsson-Strutin

Breast cancer treatment is based on tumor and patient related factors such as tumor stage, grade, hormonal status, HER2 status, patient age, and family history to name a few. It is today widely acknowledged that hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF:s) contribute to tumor progression. We therefore set out to explore the impact of hypoxia on mammary epithelial differentiation and what conseque

Recent in vitro studies have shown that the zymogen and activated form of factor (F)VII bind to endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR). At present, there is no evidence that FVIIa binds to EPCR on vascular endothelium in vivo in the presence of circulating protein C, a primary ligand for EPCR. The present study was carried out to investigate the interaction of murine and human ligands with mur

Associations between bone turnover markers and calcaneal ultrasound (quantitative ultrasound, QUS) were studied in a population-based sample of 810 elderly women. Baseline bone turnover markers correlated with baseline QUS as well as with 5-year prospective changes in QUS. INTRODUCTION: Bone turnover markers are associated with areal bone mineral density, but the knowledge on the association with

Precision of two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectroscopy can be affected by imprecise calibration of the optical spectrometer and coherence time delay line. This would result in 2D spectral line shapes with twisted phase, where absorptive and dispersive parts of the signal are mixed and unrecoverable. We demonstrate two efficient and easily implementable techniques for precise spectrometer and we

Nitroxyl (HNO) is a redox sibling of nitric oxide (NO) that targets distinct signalling pathways with pharmacological endpoints of high significance in the treatment of heart failure. Beneficial HNO effects depend, in part, on its ability to release calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) through an unidentified mechanism. Here we propose that HNO is generated as a result of the reaction of the two

Within process industry, and in many other areas, the PID controller is responsible for handling regulatory control. An educated guess is that the number of executing PID control loops lies in the billions (2011) and there are no signs indicating a decrease of this number. Properly tuning the PID controller, i.e., setting its parameter values based on characteristics of the process it controls t

Using propagating plasmons on silver nanowires as an excitation source we perform surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) at a nanoparticle/wire junction located remotely from the laser illumination spot with sensitivities in a few molecules range. Simultaneous multisite remote-excitation SERS sensing can also be achieved.

ABSTRACT: Genomic regions with altered gene expression are a characteristic feature of cancer cells. We present a novel method for identifying such regions in gene expression maps. This method is based on total variation (TV) minimization, a classical signal restoration technique. In systematic evaluations, we show that our method combines top-notch detection performance with an ability to delinea

This brief review aims at providing some illustrative examples on the interaction between amphiphilic peptides and phospholipid membranes an area of significant current interest Focusing on antimicrobial peptides factors affecting peptide-membrane interactions are addressed including effects of peptide length charge hydrophobicity secondary structure and topology Effects of membrane composition ar

Malignant ventricular arrhythmias, particularly ventricular fibrillation (VF), remain an important contributor to mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The size of myocardial injury is one more important factor influencing the prognosis of STEMI patients. The search for new non-invasive markers, which can be relatively simply calculated using conventional ECG recording and can p

Comparison of two-particle correlations in heavy-ion collisions with measurements in proton collisions shows strong modification of the correlation shape and particle yields. Two new structures are created; both extended in Δη, one centered at Δ = 0 ('ridge') and the other occurring at Δ π ± 1.1 ('shoulder'). In these proceedings, we describe the measurements of these structures that show consiste

A mathematical model for calculating the nonisothermal moisture transfer in building materials is presented in the article. The coupled heat and moisture transfer problem was modeled. Vapor content and temperature were chosen as principal driving potentials. The coupled equations were solved by an analytical method, which consists of applying the Laplace transform technique and the Transfer Functi