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In this paper we determine the oxygen profile in a biofilm on suspended carriers in two ways: firstly by microelectrode measurements and secondly by a simple mathematical model. The Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor is well-established for wastewater treatment where bacteria grow as a biofilm on the protective surfaces of suspended carriers. The flat shaped BiofilmChip P was developed to allow good condi
Social constructionists consider interviews as mutually co-constructing meaning. But what if the interlocutors do not seem to agree on what they construct? What if the interviewee has a particularly strong agenda, far from the intended research topic? Are these ‘failed’ interviews? We address this issue using a ‘deviant’ interview in a study of ‘being a neighbour’. First, we add to the discussion
Numerous anthropogenic activities threaten the biodiversity found on earth. Because all ecological communities constantly experience temporal turnover due to natural processes, it is important to distinguish between change due to anthropogenic impact and the underlying natural rate of change. In this study, we used data sets on breeding bird communities that covered at least 20 consecutive years,
This is a paper about ownership and governance in a jointly owned local government organization providing water services (Water and Se wage South). The paper discusses the conditions for governance and ownership influence in a jointly owned local government organisation. Extra attention is directed to the issues concerned with merging existing municipal organisations, previously acting solely with
Lectotypes are designated for 83 names of species of Hieracium sect. Hieracium, H, sect. Vulgata and H. sect. Bifida described by Swedish authors based on material from the provinces Gastrikland, Halsingland and Medelpad of central Sweden. Whenever needed, the affinities and taxonomic value of the lectotypified taxa and the taxonomic implications of the lectotypifications are discussed. One new co
Housing was a backbone of the Danish welfare state, but this has been profoundly challenged by the past decades of neoliberal housing politics. In this article we outline the rise of the Danish model of association-based housing on the edge of the market economy (and the state). From this, we demonstrate how homes in private cooperatives through political interventions in the context of a booming
Let $C^\infty(a,b)$ be the Fr\'echet space of all complex-valued infinitely differentiable functions on a (finite or infinite) interval $(a,b)\subset\mathbb{R}$. Let ${L\subset C^\infty(a,b)}$ be a closed subspace such that $DL\subset L$, where $D=\frac{d}{dx}$. Then the spectrum $\sigma_L$ of $D$ on $L$ is either the whole complex plane, or a discrete possibly void set of eigenvalues $\lambda$, e
The v2 and v4 of pions, kaons and protons have been measured by PHENIX in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions up to pT ~ 6 GeV/c and 4 GeV/c, respectively. The v4 of all these identified particles have been found to scale with the number of constituent quarks and all these particles have a similar v4/v22 ratio which is close to 0.9. The scaling behavior of v2 is studied at high pT and a deviation from the un
There is a growing scientific consensus that limiting the increase in global average temperature to around 2 C above pre-industrial levels is necessary to avoid unacceptable impact on the climate system. This requires that the developed countries' emissions are radically reduced during the next 40 years. Energy scenario studies provide insights on the societal transitions that might be implied by
Domestic violence during pregnancy is a serious public health issue which threatens maternal and foetal health outcomes. The aim of the study was to explore prevalence of domestic violence among pregnant women in southern Sweden (Scania) and to explore associations with background factors, as symptoms of depression and sense of coherence.
Long-term colonic inflammation promotes carcinogenesis and histological abnormalities of the liver, and colorectal tumours frequently arise in a background of dysplasia, a precursor of adenomas. Altered colonic microbiota with an increased proportion of bacteria with pro-inflammatory characteristics, have been implicated in neoplastic progression. The composition of the microbiota can be modified
Two unusual trinorsesquiterpenoids, urechitols A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the root extract of Pentalinon andrieuxii, a plant used commonly in Yucatecan traditional medicine to treat leishmaniasis. The structures of I and 2 were identified by interpretation of their spectroscopic data and chemical correlation reactions. The relative stereochemistry of I was confirmed through an X-ray cryst
A synthesis of poinsettifolin A (1), a prenylated flavonol isolated from Dorstenia poinsettifolia, is described. Two routes starting from quercetin were explored, and 1 could be prepared if a prenyl group first was incorporated at C-6 of the protected quercetin followed by a condensation with citral at C-8. The key synthetic steps are a Mitsunobu reaction, an europium (III)-catalysed Claisen rearr
The effect of hydrogen loading on the stability and mobility of vacancy-H complexes in aluminum is determined by applying DFT and the minimum-mode-following method. The binding energy per H-atom within a complex is found to range from -0.36 eV/atom to -0.34 eV/atom for an occupancy of, respectively, a single and eight H-atoms. When eight H-atoms are neighboring the vacancy the total binding energy
