Hezbollah has acquired a dual and contradictory reputation: as a legitimate political actor in Lebanon and as a terrorist organisation in the USA and Israel. This duality can be explained if we understand that Hezbollah is a nationalist entity that defines itself primarily within the Lebanese polity, as well as an anti-imperialist party intent on countering the regional hegemony of Israel and the

This article examines the contemporary Shi'a understanding of jihad, martyrdom, and resistance through an analysis of the writings of two leading Lebanese Shi'a scholars: Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah and Muhammad Mahdi Shams al-Din. This article shows the impact of their writings on resistance movements in the region. It maintains that their discourse is central to the ideological foundation of Hizbu

In the Western political science literature of the late 20th and early 21st century, the Middle East has often been described, not only as authoritarian, but also as impervious to democracy. Institutional, structural, and cultural explanations were advanced to explain this democracy deficit. This article will debunk the notion that democratization in the Middle East is limited by entrenched Muslim

There appear to be no methodological works on empirical research in the Arab world and only a few recent works on methodologies of elite research. The purpose of this article is not to fill the gap in empirical research on the Arab world or to present groundbreaking discoveries on methodologies for elite research. Rather, it is to pave the way for future works in that direction. Another purpose is

People depend on functioning ecosystems, which provide benefits that support human existence and wellbeing. The relationship between people and nature has been experienced and conceptualized in multiple ways. Recently, ecosystem services (ES) concepts have permeated science, government policies, multi-national environmental agreements, and science–policy interfaces. In 2017, the Intergovernmental

Background: Experiments have shown improved cardiovascular stability in lambs if umbilical cord clamping is postponed until positive pressure ventilation is started. Studies on intact cord resuscitation on human term infants are sparse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in clinical outcomes in non-breathing infants between groups, one where resuscitation is initiated with an in

The aim of this article is to investigate ways in which welfare frontline workers’ conceptualization of Swedishness destroys asylum-seeking minors’ (16–17 years) possibilities of creating value during the service process in early integration. Focus group interviews and in-depth interviews were conducted with coaches at accommodation centres, schoolteachers and social workers. The analytical approa

Clays can be synthesised to have specific functional properties, which have been exploited in a range of industrial processes. A key characteristic of clay is the presence of a negatively charged surface, surrounded by an oppositely charged rim. Because of that, clays are able to sequester cationic compounds resulting in the formation of ordered layered structures, known as tactoids. Recent resear

Neutron macromolecular crystallography (NMX) is a complementary technique to X-ray crystallography leveraging neutron scattering properties of the hydrogen isotope deuterium (2H). Production of deuterium labelled molecules together with large crystal requirements for neutron crystallography are few of several bottlenecks limiting implementation of this technique for a wider range of proteins. PerdNeutron macromolecular crystallography (NMX) is a complementary technique to X-ray crystallography leveraging neutron scattering properties of the hydrogen isotope deuterium (2H). Production of deuterium labelled molecules together with large crystal requirements for neutron crystallography are few of several bottlenecks limiting implementation of this technique for a wider range of proteins. Perd

Introduction: Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising blood biomarker to detect neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other brain disorders. However, there are limited reports of how longitudinal NfL relates to imaging biomarkers. We herein investigated the relationship between blood NfL and brain metabolism in AD. Methods: Voxelwise regression models tested the cross-sectional

Controlling antibiotic resistance is a global concern. The One Health initiative has provided a strategy to deal with this problem efficiently within a country. However, due to the global nature of the problem it is paramount not only to focus on specific countries, but to establish ways to avoid the development of antibiotic resistance in different geographical regions. In this letter, we propose

The late Ludlow Lau Event was a severe biotic crisis in the Silurian, characterized by resurgent microbial facies and faunal turnover rates otherwise only documented during the "big five" mass extinctions. This asynchronous late Silurian marine extinction event preceded an associated positive carbon isotope excursion (CIE), the Lau CIE, although a mechanism for this temporal offset remains poorly

Spatial and molecular characteristics determine tissue function, yet high-resolution methods to capture both concurrently are lacking. Here, we developed high-definition spatial transcriptomics, which captures RNA from histological tissue sections on a dense, spatially barcoded bead array. Each experiment recovers several hundred thousand transcript-coupled spatial barcodes at 2-μm resolution, as