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Evaluation of heterogeneity of DNA ploidy in early gastric cancers

DNA ploidy has been shown to be a predictive parameter for prognosis in various solid tumours. The prognostic value of DNA-ploidy in gastric cancers is still a matter of controversy. A possible explanation for the discrepant results reported in the literature could be sampling error in tumours with multiple stemlines differing in DNA-ploidy. In order to determine whether or not such heterogeneity

Urodynamic effects of the K+ channel (KCNQ) opener retigabine in freely moving, conscious rats.

Purpose: Retigabine is a novel anticonvulsant drug that not only augments gamma-aminobutyric acid mechanisms, but also opens voltage gated K+ channels (KCNQ). In this study we investigated the effects of retigabine on detrusor activity in rats. Materials and Methods: To conscious, female Sprague-Dawley rats undergoing continuous cystometry retigabine was given intravenously (0.5, 1 and 5 mg/kg(-1)

Effect of commercial breakfast fibre cereals compared with corn flakes on postprandial blood glucose, gastric emptying and satiety in healthy subjects: a randomized blinded crossover trial

BACKGROUND: Dietary fibre food intake is related to a reduced risk of developing diabetes mellitus. However, the mechanism of this effect is still not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of commercial fibre cereals on the rate of gastric emptying, postprandial glucose response and satiety in healthy subjects. METHODS: Gastric emptying rate (GER) was measured by standardized rea

Chinese Development Assistance and West African Agriculture : A Shifting Approach to Foreign Aid?

China's economic rise and its implications for international relations have attracted worldwide attention in recent years. The outcomes of this development are numerous, complex and involve a wide range of issues. In addition to radical consequences for the Chinese society itself they are also affecting the rest of the world. In this context, there is a big uncertainty of what China’s economic dev

An Experimental Study of Contact Coefficients in Paper Drying

The influence of different dryer fabrics on the contact coefficient has been studied experimentally under various conditions. A bench-scale drying apparatus, in which the fabric could be fixed at variable tensions, was used in the experiments. A technique for measuring the heat flux and surface temperatures of the paper sample and the hot surface was developed. Three paper grades were used in the

A pTalpha-negative subpopulation of CD25+ TN thymocytes revealed by a transgenic marker.

We have recently generated 5'lambda5-huTAC mice, which express the human CD25 (huTAC) gene under the control of the 5'-flanking region of the mouse lambda5-gene. The huTAC-transgene was expressed in pre-B cells but neither in mature B cells nor in T cells of these mice. In this report we demonstrate that the transgene is also transiently expressed by adult CD25+ CD3-CD4-CD8- (triple negative, TN)

Energy turnover and mechanical properties of resting and contracting aortas and portal veins from normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats

Aortas and portal veins from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were studied with respect to their energy turnover and mechanical properties. Relaxed aortas fom SHR 16--17 weeks and 20--25 weeks of age were stiffer, had smaller circumference, and greater maximal active wall tension compared to WKY aortas. Active stress (forced/areas) was not diff

Increase in hepatic lipase activity after testosterone substitution in men with hypogonadism of pituitary origin

Ten men with hypogonadism of pituitary origin were studied before and during testosterone substitution therapy with regard to effects on the activities of hepatic lipase (HL) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in postheparin plasma, and on plasma lipoprotein concentrations. The mean (+/- SEM) testosterone level increased from 1.8 +/- 0.5 to 16.3 +/- 2.4 nmol/l. The mean activity of HL rose from 327.1 +/

A Framework for Evaluating Enterprise Systems Implementation Methodologies in Action

Enterprise Systems (ES) are often the largest and most important Information Systems (IS) an organisation employs. Most ES are rented or bought as COTS (Commercial Off The Shelf) software. The use of COTS leads to a distinction between the development of the ES software—done by ES software providers, like SAP and Microsoft—and the implementation of ES software in a specific organisation. Implement

A Monte Carlo study of the energy dependence of Al2O3 : C crystals for real-time in vivo dosimetry in mammography

In a previous experimental study, a novel method for in vivo dosimetry has been investigated, based on radioluminescence (RL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). However, because of (fie large difference in atomic composition between the detector material and the breast tissue, relatively large energy dependence in low-energy X-ray beams can be expected. In the present work, the energy de

An experimental and theoretical investigation of the effect of flow maldistribution on the thermal performance of plate heat exchangers

An experimental and theoretical study of the effect of flow maldistribution from port to channel on the thermal performance of single and multipass plate heat exchangers is presented. In general, flow maldistribution brings about an increase in pressure drop and decrease of the thermal performance in heat exchangers. This deterioration is found to depend on flow rate, number of channels, and port

Observation and assignment of the hot band nu(2)+nu(1)(9)-nu(1)(9) in (HCN)(2)

The high-resolution infrared absorption spectrum for (HCN)(2) in the spectral region 3100-3300 cm(-1) is recorded in a static multipass cell at 240 K under equilibrium conditions. The spectrum shows extensive rovibrational structures which are due to the bound C-H stretching vibration band nu(2) of (HCN)(2) and several hot bands associated to nu(2). We manage to assign 63 new rovibrational transit

Dilute-acid hydrolysis for fermentation of the Bolivian straw material Paja Brava

Hydrolysis of the straw material Paja Brava, a sturdy grass characteristic for the high plains of Bolivia, was studied in order to find suitable conditions for hydrolysis of the hemicellulose and cellulose parts. Dried Paja Brava material was pre-steamed, impregnated with dilute sulfuric acid (0.5% or 1.0% by wt), and subsequently hydrolyzed in a reactor at temperatures between 170 and 230 degrees

District Heating Expansion Strategies in Detached House Areas

District heating is well expanded in the residential areas in Sweden, although not in detached house areas, where it is often impaired with problems of low heat density, large heat losses and high construction costs. However, due to the changes on the electricity market, increased environmental concerns and technological improvements, the detached houses’ sector is a potential market for district

Overexpression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor using a lentiviral vector induces time- and dose-dependent downregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase in the intact nigrostriatal dopamine system.

The effects of continuous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) overexpression in the intact nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) system was studied using recombinant lentiviral (rLV) vector delivery of GDNF to the striatum or substantia nigra (SN) in the rat. Intrastriatal delivery of rLV-GDNF resulted in significant overexpression of GDNF in the striatum (2-4 ng/mg tissue) and anterograde tr