In a recent issue of Nature, Falkner et al. (2016) use chronic two-photon imaging, virus-based transsynaptic tracing, and dynamic calcium indicators to elegantly demonstrate extensive in vivo functional maturation and target-specific functional integration of transplanted embryonic mouse cortical progenitors into adult lesioned visual cortical circuits.

Background: The contribution of smoking to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is hypothesized to be mediated through formation of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA). In RA, however, autoantibodies such as ACPA, rheumatoid factor (RF), and anti-carbamylated protein antibodies (anti-CarP) often occur together, and it is thus unclear whether smoking is specifically associated with some autoantibodie

Background: Recent evidence suggests a link between autoimmunity and the intestinal microbial composition in several rheumatic diseases including systemic sclerosis (SSc). The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of intestinal dysbiosis in SSc and to characterise patients suffering from this potentially immunomodulatory deviation. Methods: This study consisted of 98 consecutiv

The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has substantially increased over the past decade, suggesting a role for non-genetic factors such as epigenetic mechanisms in disease development. Here we present an epigenome-wide association study across 406,365 CpGs in 52 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for T1D in three immune effector cell types. We observe a substantial enrichment of differentially vari

Among the other applications, vanadium oxide thin films are considered to be excellent candidates for gas sensing. To understand the origins of the sensing capability, we carried out X-ray photoelectron and X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements to determinate the surface valence states of thin films with mixed V7O16 and V2O5 compounds. Thin films were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition, an

Helianthemum nummularium s.l. is a young, morphologically diverse species distributed from western Europe to the Caucasus and the Southern Urals in the east. We analysed the rps16-trnK plastid intergenic spacer sequences from 85 localities covering most of the range of H. nummularium. Thirteen haplotypes were very unevenly distributed throughout the range of the species, and exhibited a strong phy

The GPIU study is currently the only study registering health care–associated urogenital tract infections, especially in urology patients, in an ongoing surveillance protocol that can help to deliver data on adequate empirical antibiotic therapy in hospitalised urology patients according to guideline recommendations. The annual GPIU study will continue to be performed in November of each year unde

In diffusion MRI (dMRI), microscopic diffusion anisotropy can be obscured by orientation dispersion. Separation of these properties is of high importance, since it could allow dMRI to non-invasively probe elongated structures such as neurites (axons and dendrites). However, conventional dMRI, based on single diffusion encoding (SDE), entangles microscopic anisotropy and orientation dispersion with

Under de senaste tjugo åren har offentlig sektor blivit alltmer präglad av New Public Management (NPM). Såväl beskrivningar som konkretiseringar av NPM varierar men två drag återkommer som gemensam nämnare; dels att offentlig sektor har närmat sig den privata i sättet att styra och organisera verksamheten, dels att betoningen har skiftat från ansvar för processer till ansvar för resultat.Med resul

The problem of synthesizing network-decentralized observers arises when several agents, corresponding to the nodes of a network, exchange information about local measurements to asymptotically estimate their own state. The network topology is unknown to the nodes, which can rely on information about their neighboring nodes only. For homogeneous systems, composed of identical agents, we show that a

The Latvian and Estonian inland dunes belong to the north-eastern part of the 'European Sand Belt' (ESB). These dunes are widely distributed over broad glaciolacustrine plains and Late Glacial alluvial deltas, considered to be potential sources for the aeolian material. Little is known about these aeolian sediments and their substratum; here we present a detailed sedimentary structural and textura

Extracts of Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain that contain what appear to be sodium dodecyl sulfate-stable amyloid β-protein (Aβ) dimers potently block LTP and impair memory consolidation. Brain-derived dimers can be physically separated the Aβ monomer, consist primarily of Aβ42, and resist denaturation by chaotropic agents. In nature, covalently cross-linked Aβ dimers could be generated in two ways:

Predictions made in Albacete et al. [Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 22 (2013) 1330007] prior to the LHC p+Pb run at sNN = 5 TeV are compared to currently available data. Some predictions shown here have been updated by including the same experimental cuts as the data. Some additional predictions are also presented, especially for quarkonia, that were provided to the experiments before the data were made pub

Artikeln behandlar utrymmet för förvaltningsorgan under regeringsnivånatt på egen hand anta bindande regler enligt svensk rätt. Grundlagsregleringenger stort utrymme för delegation till förvaltningen, somenligt den svenska konstitutionella strukturen har en betydande självständighet.Det finns dock principiella invändningar mot att förvaltningen ska kunna anta föreskrifter med samma bindande verkanThe Article deals with the scope for Swedish administrative agencies to adopt binding rules under the 1974 Instrument of Government.

In the chapter the authors revisit one of the original topics in business angel research: to measure the scope of the business angel market and evaluate its impact on the economy, especially the financial contributions of business angels at the macro (market) level. This is an issue that has considerable policy relevance. Most policy initiatives to support business angel activities have been intro

Changes of soil organic carbon (SOC) ontent can have a substantial effect on greenhouse gas emissions, but are rarely included in cropproduction LCAs. SOC content strongly influences soil fertility and therefore crop yields, but is declining in many European soils. The present study investigated if integration of 1-2 years of grass-clover crops in a cereal-dominated crop rotation can increase the