The individual of a species is the basic unit which responds to climate and UV-B changes, and it responds over a wide range of time scales. The diversity of animal, plant and microbial species appears to be low in the Arctic, and decreases from the boreal forests to the polar deserts of the extreme North but primitive species are particularly abundant. This latitudinal decline is associated with a

To broaden the AMS programme in Lund by including Al studies, a new injector has been installed and tested at the 3 MV Pelletron accelerator. Detailed optical calculations have been performed to obtain maximum mass and energy resolution. The design of the injector, the improvement in the resolution compared to the old injector, as well as preliminary tests with a Al-26-beam, are presented. By usin

Density functional theory (B3LYP) calculations of the hydration of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and a surfactant dimethyldodecylamine-N-oxide (DDAO) are reported. Hydrogen-bonded complexes of DDAO with up to three water molecules and of TMAO with up to five water molecules are studied. Interactions of both TMAO and DDAO with water give rise to the binding energies that are much higher than that i

A peripheral nerve injury has a profound impact on the patient’s life and such an injury causes high costs for society. A peripheral nerve injury is a very complex injury because it involves both peripheral and central components of the nervous system all the way from targets at muscle and skin receptors up to the brain. In the neuron and its supporting cells—mainly Schwann cells—there are numerou

Due to concerns related to treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) and possible negative effects on tumour control, a workshop was organised by the Medical Products Agency of Sweden with the aim to revise national treatment guidelines if needed. In patients with solid tumours, conflicting results have been reported with respect to tumour control and survival. Until further notice it is therefore recom

We present a new technique, based on pulse-echo ultrasound, for monitoring the entire setting process of injectable bone cement. This research has been motivated by the lack of satisfying standards. The main problem with existing standards is the subjectivity, which leads to poor reproducibility. Because of this the results are not comparable between different research groups. A strong advantage w

The processes of multiplication of electronic excitations (MEE), connected with the creation of secondary excitons or electron-hole (e-h) pairs by hot conduction electrons, are realized in wide-gap metal halides and oxides. In oxides, secondary e-h pairs can be also formed by 27-40 eV photons due to L 1 VV Auger transitions (with the participation of 2s oxygen holes). The excitation spectra of lum

Serum and urinary concentrations of NCl, the non collagenous globular domain of collagen IV, were used as markers for turnover of basement membranes. NCl levels were studied in membranous glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy. Thirteen patients with membranous glomerulonephritis and 8 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy were compared to 16 apparently healthy control

The heat transfer from turbulent diffusion flames between vertical walls has been computed for different wall and burner configurations. The buoyancy-modified k- model was used to study the turbulent characteristics of the flow. The flamelet concept, coupled to a prescribed probability density function, was employed to model the nonpremixed combustion process. With the nucleation, surface growth,

The regioselectivity in the Rh catalysed 1,4-hydrosilylation of isoprene was investigated. Variation of solvents and temperature did not significantly affect the isomer distribution between tail-product (I) and head-product (II). The choice of ligands had the greater influence, where Rh-I-based catalysts with the strong electron withdrawing ligand CO favoured production of isomer II, while Rh-I ca

In Sweden the use of wooden boards and sca’boards as binding material was custom until the middle of the 19th century. Sca’boards are found in all kinds of more or less expensive bindings with different covering materials; silk, parchment, leather and paper. During the 19th century they were mainly used in simple and cheap retail bindings destined for the peasantry. In this article the reasons for

Popular Abstract in Swedish Konceptet fjärrvärme inbegriper central värmeproduktion från vilken värme distribueras ut till de enskilda förbrukarna via ett rörsystem. Ett grundläggande krav, med hänsyn till fjärrvärmens konkurrenskraft, är att vinsten som görs i den storskaliga värmeproduktionen, jämfört med lokal värmeproduktion, överstiger kostnaderna för värmedistributionen. DistributionskostnadThe concept of district heating (DH) involves centralised heat production where heat is distributed to consumers via a piping network. It is essential that benefits achieved from concentrated, large-scale production instead of local production in each building exceed the costs associated with heat distribution. Since the distribution cost per delivered kWh increases as the heat density of an area

Apoptosis is characterized by a lack of inflammatory reaction in surrounding tissues, suggesting local control of complement activation. During the initial stage of apoptosis, cells expose negatively charged phospholipid phosphatidylserine on their surfaces. The vitamin K-dependent protein S has a high affinity for this type of phospholipid. In human plasma, 60-70% of protein S circulates in compl

A new 250 MeV energy electron pulse-stretcher mode is designed where the MAX I ring is injected from a new linac system (Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 490 (2002) 592). For the new slow extraction, we will try to achieve a lower emittance in the extraction plane by using a different extraction method. Injection and slow extraction are simulated.

This doctoral dissertation is based on five appended papers primarily concerned with three main topics, namely: the functional characterization of specific and clinically relevant perturbations found in BRCA1 ? one of the major breast cancer susceptibility genes; the use of microarray technologies for molecular characterization of hereditary breast tumor samples from a genomic perspective; and fin

How can school influence the viewpoints students hold on aids and sex?The investigation focused on teaching the subject of aids and sex to secondary school students in grades e ght throug eleven. Thirteen teachers and their students, in 15 different c1asses, were studied and compared with a control group; altogether 548 students were included in the investigation.The aim of the study was to determHow can schools influence the viewpoints students hold on aids and sex? The investigation focused on teaching the subject of aids and sex to secondary school students in grades eight through eleven. Thirteen teachers and their students, in 15 different classes, were studied and compared with a control group; altogether 548 students were included in the investigation. The aim of the study was to de