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Detection and attribution of an anomaly in terrestrial photosynthesis in Europe during the COVID-19 lockdown

Carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake by plant photosynthesis, referred to as gross primary production (GPP) at the ecosystem level, is sensitive to environmental factors, including pollutant exposure, pollutant uptake, and changes in the scattering of solar shortwave irradiance (SWin) − the energy source for photosynthesis. The 2020 spring lockdown due to COVID-19 resulted in improved air quality and atmos

Between Mezhep and Minority : Twelver Shiʿism in the Turkish Public Sphere

Despite the growth in scholarship on diverse religious communities in Turkey, little attention has been paid to Twelver Shiʿi Muslims. Since the founding of the Republic, the Turkish state's foundational secularist agenda has attempted to control and promote a single hegemonic form of Islam, and Shiʿa have faced continuous issues practicing their faith in public as a result. While the liberalizati

Molecular rearrangement of bicyclic peroxy radicals is a key route to aerosol from aromatics

The oxidation of aromatics contributes significantly to the formation of atmospheric aerosol. Using toluene as an example, we demonstrate the existence of a molecular rearrangement channel in the oxidation mechanism. Based on both flow reactor experiments and quantum chemical calculations, we show that the bicyclic peroxy radicals (BPRs) formed in OH-initiated aromatic oxidation are much less stab

Designing Virtual Natural Environments for Older Adults : Think-Aloud Study

Background: Spending time in natural environments is beneficial for human health, but many older adults have limited or no access to natural environments. Virtual reality technology may be a means to facilitate nature experiences, and so, there is a need for knowledge on how to design virtual restorative natural environments for older adults. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify, imple

Attraction of Male Pine Sawflies, Diprion jingyuanensis, to Synthetic Pheromone Candidates : Synergism between Two Stereoisomers

The pine sawfly Diprion jingyuanensis Xiao and Zhang (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) is a serious pest of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. in the Shanxi, Gansu, and Inner Mongolia provinces in P. R. China. The sex pheromone of D. jingyuanensis was shown to be the propionate ester of 3,7-dimethyl-2-tridecanol. Virgin females contained an approximate 1:3 blend of the pheromone precursors erythro-(2S,3S,7R/S and

Exploring Monoclonal Antibody Action Against the Group A Streptococcal M Protein

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a significant human pathogen that has developed multipleimmune evasion mechanisms to counter the host immune response. One of these mechanisms involvesthe production of the M protein, which, amongst other things, acts as an anti-phagocytic factor and canbind host proteins. Another is the ability of M protein to bind a human protein called fibronectin (Fn). Thisprotei

Tjänster av allmänt intresse : Ett svenskt perspektiv

Ansvaret för att tillhandahålla välfärdstjänster i Sverige ligger i huvudsak på kommuner, landsting och regioner. Det gäller bland annat tillgång till bostäder, hälso- och sjukvård, avfallshantering och utbildning.Utförandet är dock ofta en uppgift för privata aktörer, vilket innebär att det EU-rättsliga regelverket aktualiseras. I den här rapporten diskuterar professor Tom Madell vilken betydelse

Municipally Owned Corporations in Sweden

The use of municipally owned corporations (MOCs) has a long tradition in Sweden. In this chapter we take the point of departure in this long tradition of MOCs when describing how the use of these corporations has developed over time as well as the conditions under which these MOCs operate has developed. In addition, some of the more problematic features of MOCs, that Swedish local governments stru

No impact of helminth coinfection in patients with smear positive tuberculosis on immunoglobulin levels using a novel method measuring Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antibodies

Helminth/tuberculosis (TB)-coinfection can reduce cell-mediated immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and increase disease severity, although the effects are highly helminth species dependent. Mtb have long been ranked as the number one single infectious agent claiming the most lives. The only licensed vaccine for TB (BCG) offers highly variable protection against TB, and almost no pro

The metabolomic profiling of total fat and fat distribution in a multi-cohort study of women and men

Currently studies aiming for the comprehensive metabolomics profiling of measured total fat (%) as well as fat distribution in both sexes are lacking. In this work, bioimpedance analysis was applied to measure total fat (%) and fat distribution (trunk to leg ratio). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics was employed to profile the metabolic signatures of total fat (

In search of environmental risk factors for obsessive-compulsive disorder : study protocol for the OCDTWIN project

Background: The causes of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) remain unknown. Gene-searching efforts are well underway, but the identification of environmental risk factors is at least as important and should be a priority because some of them may be amenable to prevention or early intervention strategies. Genetically informative studies, particularly those employing the discordant monozygotic (MZ

Assessing the potential of a membrane bioreactor and granular activated carbon process for wastewater reuse – A full-scale WWTP operated over one year in Scania, Sweden

A full-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with ultrafiltration, followed by granular activated carbon (GAC), was examined to determine the potential of reusing treated water as a source of drinking water or for irrigation. The major part of the bacteria removal took place in the MBR, whereas the GAC removed substantial amounts of organic micropollutants. Annual variations in inflow and infiltration r

The modified Glasgow Prognostic Score indicates an increased risk of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer

Background: Preoperative inflammation might cause and also be a marker for anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer. Available biomarker indices such as the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) or the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) may be clinically useful for leakage assessment. Methods: Patients who underwent anterior resection for rectal cancer during 2014–2

Bioremediation by MFC technology

As the world gears up for the Net Zero carbon emissions, demand for raw materials is set to skyrocket as they are key elements of global economy and they have essential roles in improvement of life quality and the performance of manufacturing productivity. The various conventional treatment methods, including physical, chemical, and biological processes, may become outdated and may generally be re