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A numerical model has been developed to simulate the transport of several ionic species across a saturated concrete or mortar sample. The chloride binding as well as the electrical coupling between the different ionic fluxes are included in the model by using the Nernst-Planck system of equations. This model highlights which parameters affect substantially chloride penetration into reinforced conc
Background & Aims: Despite treatment with corticosteroids, severe to moderately severe attacks of ulcerative colitis have a high colectomy rate. We intended to find a rescue therapy other than cyclosporin A, which imposes a high risk of side effects and cyclosporine-related mortality. Method : This was a randomized double-blind trial of infliximab or placebo in severe to moderately severe ulce
BACKGROUND. Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) is a relatively uncommon, benign tumor that usually presents in the subcutaneous fat of adult men. Although some studies have addressed the histologic findings of SCL, only a few descriptions of aspiration cytology findings have been published. The cytologic features are poorly defined, and aspirates from SCL may cause diagnostic problems, because SCL shares s
l-DOPA-induced motor complications can be modelled in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions by chronic injections of l-DOPA. We have compared the sensitisation and duration of rotational responses, and the occurrence of dose–failure episodes and abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats with regard to the dose and route of administration of l-DOPA. Rats were treated with
Stress can be a significant factor influencing ear pathologies and is often reported to trigger the symptoms of Meniere's disease. Both physiological and psychological stress provokes the release of prolactin from the pituitary thus allowing the classification of prolactin as a major stress hormone. We investigated the level of the stress hormone prolactin in a Swedish population with early sympto
Surface modification of polyurethane (PUR) surfaces was carried out by using three different amphiphilic polymers. Two of the polymers were graft copolymers, having backbones consisting of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-ethylhexyl acrylate) and poly(styrene-co-acrylamide), respectively, and poly(ethylene oxide) PEO 2000 grafts. The third polymer was a commercially available poly(ethylene oxide-b-prop
Purpose: To reduce the number of patients who perceive more difficulties performing daily life activities 6 months after cataract extraction than before surgery. Setting: Surgeons at 4 surgical units participating in the yearly outcome studies organized by the Swedish National Cataract Register. Methods: This study comprised surgical outcomes data and completed Catquest results before and after su
The optical signatures of Mg-related acceptors in GaN have been revisited in samples specifically grown on bulk GaN templates, to avoid strain broadening of the optical spectra. Bound-exciton spectra can be studied in these samples for Mg concentrations up to [Mg]approximate to 2x10(19) cm(-3). Contrary to previous work it is found that instabilities in the photoluminescence spectra are not due to
The emission of air pollutants which form acid components in rain and snow represents a threat to natural ecosystems. Increased leaching of nutrients from soils (ABRAHAMSEN et al. 1976b), decreased pHvalues in lakes and changes in fish populations (SCHOFIELD 1976) have been suggested as some of the consequences of the increased acidity of rain. Scandinavian coniferous forests are very stable ecosy
Seventy-eight non-randomized patients with IDDM, aged 33.8 +/- 9.6 years (mean +/- S.D.), with a duration of diabetes of 16.6 +/- 9.5 years and a HbA1c level of 8.0% +/- 1.5 at baseline were included in the study. The effects of a change from a 3-dose insulin regimen using conventional syringes to a treatment mode using 4 injections per day with a pen injector on metabolic control, perceived distr
Changes in agricultural land-use have been suggested to contribute to the decline of several bird species through negative effects on their food supply during breeding. One important change in land-Use has been loss of pastures, especially permanent pastures. In this study we investigated how different forms of agricultural land-use affected foraging success or a declining bird species, the Europe
The aim was to investigate healthcare consumption in men and women aged 65 and above in the two years preceding decision about long-term municipal care at home or in special accommodation and to investigate determinants for healthcare consumption. The study comprised 362 people (aged 65 or over), all subject to a decision about municipal care and/or services during 2002-2003, drawn from the Swedis
The effect of elevated UV-B radiation on CO2 exchange of a natural flark fen was studied in open-field conditions during 2003-2005. The experimental site was located in SodankylA in northern Finland (67 degrees 22'N, 26 degrees 38'E, 179 m a.s.l.). Altogether 30 study plots, each 120 cm x 120 cm in size, were randomly distributed between three treatments (n=10): ambient control, UV-A control and U
The application of the supported liquid membrane (SLM) technique for the extraction of biogenic amines is presented. For the extraction of these compounds, the SLM system has been applied, using di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid as an anionic carrier incorporated into the membrane phase. The optimization of the extraction process, involving the composition of membrane liquid, is discussed. The simul
BACKGROUND/AIMS: After acute self-limited hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, serological loss of viral antigens and appearance of anti-HBs is generally believed to signify viral clearance. Latent and occult HBV infection appearing decades after self-limited hepatitis B has not been reported, nor has the evolutionary rate of HBV DNA over the same observation period. METHODS: DNA from serum and leuk
Objective. Previous population studies have suggested that both rheumatoid factor (RF) production and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may be declining in occurrence, and. both secular and birth-cohort influences have been implicated. Since Pima Indians have a very high incidence of RA and also have shown recent evidence or a decline in RA, this study evaluated the relative contributions of age, secular,
We have studied GaP/GaAs/GaP and GaAsxP1-x/GaAs/GaAsxP1-x double-barrier resonant tunnelling diodes grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. We find that GaP tensile strained barriers in GaP/GaAs/GaP diodes may be grown with a barrier thickness below the critical thickness of about 12 monolayers. However, a corrugation of the strained barrier is observed by transmission electron microscopy. This
Distributions of phylogenetically related protein domains (fold superfamilies), or FSFs, among the three Superkingdoms (trichotomy) are assessed. Very nearly 900 of the 1200 FSFs of the trichotomy are shared by two or three Superkingdoms. Parsimony analysis of FSF distributions suggests that the FSF complement of the last common ancestor to the trichotomy was more like that of modern eukaryotes th
