The glycaemic index (GI) concept was originally introduced to classify different sources of carbohydrate (CHO)-rich foods, usually having an energy content of > 80 % from CHO, to their effect on post-meal glycaemia. It was assumed to apply to foods that primarily deliver available CHO, causing hyperglycaemia. Low-GI foods were classified as being digested and absorbed slowly and high-GI foods as b

The utilization of CO2 in various products and services must be carefully assessed in order to achieve reduced CO2 emissions and simultaneously to add to the net economic benefit of society. In this paper, a framework for the assessment of CO2 utilization options in the chemical industry is outlined in which the total CO2 emission is estimated in four steps. First, the processes under study are su

This paper presents a study where a market-driven requirements management process is simulated. In market-driven software development, generic software packages are released to a market with many customers. New requirements are continuously issued, and the objective of the requirements management process is to elicit, manage, and prioritize the requirements. In the presented study, a specific requ

As the ‘third wave’ progressed it has been argued that democratisation should be analysed in terms of partial regimes rather than with multidimensional concepts of democracy. This article analyses the democratic qualities of one such partial regime, albeit arguably the core dimension of representative democracy: multiparty elections. The analysis focuses on the three basic democratic values of ele

We show that the relation of second order stochastic dominance, which has found widespread use in models of economic behavior under uncertainty, may be described in terms of conditional expectation. If a distribution G second order stochastically dominates another distribution F, then there are random variables g and f with distributions G and F, respectively, such that g can be obtained from f by

Free radicals have been suggested to play a role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the metabolic perturbations caused by high-fat feeding of two strains of mice, the C57BL6/J mice and the NMRI mice, interfere with one of the free radical enzyme defense systems in the retina, i. e., glutathione (GSH), and whether morphological changes oc

Over a decade ago, the concept of objectively evaluating the performance of control strategies by simulating them using a standard model implementation was introduced for activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. The resulting Benchmark Simulation Model No 1 (BSM1) has been the basis for a significant new development that is reported on here: Rather than only evaluating control strategies at t

The difference between the Western and the “Indian” view of nature has sometimes in the literature on environmental ethics been expressed as the difference between an anthropocentric and biocentric worldview. This argument often juxtaposes two models, without consideration of context. My aim in this article is to investigate those aspects of Amerindian cosmologies that have led Western scholars to

Purpose - The purpose of the paper is to evaluate theoretically and experimentally the static and dynamic characteristics of a single-phase claw-pole motor using soft magnetic composite (SMC) for the stator core. Design/methodology/approach - On the basis of the static characteristics, which are measured and obtained from a series of 3D FE magnetostatic solutions, the dynamic characteristics are s

Due to their narrow homogeneous linewidths, rare-earth ions in inorganic crystals at low temperatures have recently been given considerable attention as test materials for experiments in coherent quantum optics. Because these narrow linewidth transitions have been buried in a wide inhomogeneous line, the scope of experiments that could be carried out in these materials has been limited. However, h

Endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS) represent

Oral complications are common in patients with haematological malignancies who undergo chemotherapy treatment. A pilot study including 16 haematological patients was carried out to evaluate the oral status using an Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) and to test the reliability of the OAG. The oral assessments were made daily by registered nurses at a Department of Internal Medicine in Sweden. Once a week

This paper presents a quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) based on the coupling of two LC-tank VCOs. A simplified theoretical analysis for the oscillation frequency and phase noise displayed by the QVCO in the 1/f/sup 3/ region is developed, and good agreement is found between theory and simulation results. A prototype for the QVCO was implemented in a 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process with