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Risk of Comorbidities Following Physician-Diagnosed Knee or Hip Osteoarthritis : A Register-Based Cohort Study

Objective: To estimate the risk of developing comorbidities in patients after physician-diagnosed knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: This was a cohort study using Swedish longitudinal health care register data; we studied residents in the Skåne region age ≥35 years on January 1, 2010 who were free from diagnosed hip or knee OA (n = 548,681). We then identified subjects with at least 1 new d

Vegetation phenology and its ecohydrological implications from individual to global scales

The Earth is experiencing unprecedented climate change. Vegetation phenology has already showed strong response to the global warming, which alters mass and energy fluxes on terrestrial ecosystems. With technology and method developments in remote sensing, computer science and citizen science, many recent phenology-related studies have been focused on macrophenology. In this perspective, we 1) rev

Four Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Subgroups, Defined by Autoantibodies Status, Differ Regarding HLA-DRB1 Genotype Associations and Immunological and Clinical Manifestations

Objective: The heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) constitutes clinical and therapeutical challenges. We therefore studied whether unrecognized disease subgroups can be identified by using autoantibody profiling together with HLA-DRB1 alleles and immunological and clinical data. Methods: An unsupervised cluster analysis was performed based on detection of 13 SLE-associated autoanti

Intensified aridity over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool controlled by ice-sheet expansion during the Last Glacial Maximum

The magnitude, direction and cause of precipitation changes across the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) remain elusive. In particular, it is still inconclusive whether tropical or extra-tropical factors controlled such precipitation changes. Determining the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation in the IPWP during the LGM is a valid strategy to address thi

Preferences, beliefs, and attitudes about oral fluid and blood-based HIV self-testing among truck drivers in Kenya choosing not to test for HIV

Introduction: Clinical trials in sub-Saharan Africa support that HIV self-testing (HIVST) can increase testing rates in difficult-to-reach populations. However, trials mostly evaluate oral fluid HIVST only. We describe preferences for oral fluid vs. blood-based HIVST to elucidate prior trial results and inform testing programs. Methods: Participants were recruited from a HIVST randomized controlle

The interaction between smoking and bladder cancer genetic variants on urothelial cancer risk by disease aggressiveness

Background: Smoking has shown interactions with bladder cancer (BC) genetic variants, especially N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT2), a tobacco smoke metabolism gene, on BC risk. The interactions by disease aggressiveness are unknown. Methods: We investigated the interaction between smoking and 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for BC, individually and in a genetic risk score (GRS), on urothelial

Surgery A survey of patients' perceptions and experiences of intervention for gallstone disease during pregnancy

Background: Gallstones intervention during pregnancy might be a stressful event for both mother and fetus and stress might affect outcome. The aim of this study was to identify factors that might improve the care of pregnant patients in need of intervention for gallstone disease. Methods: By crossmatching the Swedish Registry of Gallstone Surgery and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Direct Visualisation of the Surface Atomic Active Sites of Carbon-Supported Co3O4 Nanocrystals via High-Resolution Phase Restoration

The atomic arrangement of the terminating facets on spinel Co3O4 nanocrystals is strongly linked to their catalytic performance. However, the spinel crystal structure offers multiple possible surface terminations depending on the synthesis. Thus, understanding the terminating surface atomic structure is essential in developing high-performance Co3O4 nanocrystals. In this work, we present direct at

Estimating herbaceous aboveground biomass in Sahelian rangelands using Structure from Motion data collected on the ground and by UAV

Herbaceous aboveground biomass (HAB) is a key indicator of grassland vegetation and indirect estimation tools, such as remote sensing imagery, increase the potential for covering larger areas in a timely and cost-efficient way. Structure from Motion (SfM) is an image analysis process that can create a variety of 3D spatial models as well as 2D orthomosaics from a set of images. Computed from Unman

Sex differences in efficacy of pharmacological therapies in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction : a meta-analysis

Aims: Recent studies have suggested potential sex differences in treatment response to pharmacological therapies in heart failure (HF). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing treatment effects between men and women with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) using established guideline-directed medical therapy and other emerging pharmacological treatments. Method

Teaching Control during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This paper aims to analyze some different solutions that were adopted in control education activities during the pandemic. The authors of this paper are educators in the control education field from different countries on all the continents, who have developed a questionnaire with the idea of collecting data about the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the control education activities. The main objective

On the determination of thermal boundary conditions for parameter identifications of thermo-mechanically coupled material models

Identifiability and sensitivity of thermal boundary coefficients identified alongside thermal material parameters by means of full field measurements during a simple tension test are shown empirically using a simple tension test with self heating as a proof of concept. The identification is started for 10 different initial guesses, all of which converge toward the same optimum. The solution appear

Intralesional margin after excision of a high-grade osteosarcoma : Is it a catastrophe?

Background and Objectives: Treatment of high-grade osteosarcoma (OS) relies on a combination of systemic chemotherapy and radical surgical excision of the tumor. Little is known on what happens in case of an irrefutably inadequate (intralesional) margin. We aimed to describe the outcome of patients with high-grade OSs of the trunk and the extremities where planned wide resection resulted in an int

A Workplace Equality Workshop for the Control Engineering Classroom

Engineering, in general, is a non-diverse profession around the globe. Women are one group of minorities in engineering. Despite the fact that control engineering is heavily based on mathematics, which has a larger number of female students, it has the same proportion of women as other engineering disciplines. To address the issue of low female participation in engineering disciplines both at univ

Cost-effectiveness of cervical length screening and progesterone treatment to prevent spontaneous preterm delivery in Sweden

Objective: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of strategies to prevent spontaneous preterm delivery (PTD) in asymptomatic singleton pregnancies, using prevalence and healthcare cost data from the Swedish healthcare context. Methods: We designed a decision analytic model based on the Swedish CERVIX study to estimate the cost-effectiveness of strategies to prevent spontaneous PTD in asymptomatic wom

“International humanitarian organizations’ perspectives on localization efforts”

The humanitarian sector has formulated a collective strategic intent to localize. This involves delegating responsibilities and transferring capacities and resources to national and local actors. However, progress is slower than expected. Strategy execution is hard, and translating a general strategic intent to the actual way humanitarian organizations operate is not obvious. To suggest remedies f

Ultrasound features of endometrial pathology in women without abnormal uterine bleeding : results from the International Endometrial Tumor Analysis study (IETA3)

OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this study was to describe the ultrasound features of various endometrial and other intracavitary pathologies in women without abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) using the International Endometrial Tumor Analysis (IETA) terminology. The secondary aim was to compare our findings with published data on women with AUB. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study of

A methodology for assessing wildfire hazard in Sweden – The first step towards a multi-hazard assessment method

Flooding and wildfires are two common natural hazards in Sweden to which the Fire and Rescue Services (FRS) must be prepared to respond to. In light of potential increases in these hazards, the Extreme-Index project aims to develop such a multi-hazard tool for Sweden. In this paper, a modular multi-hazard framework is presented. The first module of the multi-hazard methodology that is developed an

Adaptive Immune Receptor Repertoire (AIRR) Community Guide to TR and IG Gene Annotation

High-throughput sequencing of adaptive immune receptor repertoires (AIRR, i.e., IG and TR) has revolutionized the ability to carry out large-scale experiments to study the adaptive immune response. Since the method was first introduced in 2009, AIRR sequencing (AIRR-Seq) has been applied to survey the immune state of individuals, identify antigen-specific or immune-state-associated signatures of i

An experimental investigation on the thermal augmentation of internal endwall in a two-pass duct using an array of delta-winglet vortex generator pair

The present study experimentally demonstrates a novel design for an internal endwall in a two-pass duct heat exchanger. An array of delta-winglet vortex generator pairs with different aspect ratio, angle of attack, configuration are mounted on the internal endwall in a U duct. Liquid crystal thermalgraphy and static pressure measurements are utilized in this study to evaluate the heat transfer, th