Information on past land cover in terms of absolute areas of different landscape units (forest, open land, pasture land, cultivated land, etc.) at local to regional scales is needed to test hypotheses and answer questions related to climate change (e.g. feedbacks effects of land-cover change), archaeological research, and nature conservancy (e.g. management strategy). The palaeoecological techniqu

Background: The St Gallen surrogate molecular subtype definitions classify the oestrogen (ER) positive breast cancer into the luminal A and luminal B subtypes according to proliferation rate and/or expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with differences in prognosis and chemo-responsiveness. Primary tumours and lymph node metastases might represent different malignant clones

Populärhistorisk artikel om problem med de svenska postförbindelserna till Europa under 1600-talet.

Nearly all mammalian cells express a set of genes known as clock genes. These regulate the circadian rhythm of cellular processes by means of negative and positive autoregulatory feedback loops of transcription and translation. Recent genomewide association studies have demonstrated an association between a polymorphism near the circadian clock gene CRY2 and elevated fasting glucose. To determine

Background: Hip fracture is associated with high mortality. Cardiovascular disease and other comorbidities requiring long-term anticoagulant medication are common in these mostly elderly patients. The objective of our observational cohort study of patients undergoing surgery for hip fracture was to study the association between preoperative use of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (LdAA) and intraoper

Ageing populations and higher ambitions continuously drive healthcare costs in Sweden and worldwide. During the last two decades, downsizing hospital bed capacity has been the strategy for cutting expenditure in the Swedish healthcare system. However, the lack of implementation of new and viable outpatient alternatives has led to a widespread overcrowding problem in Swedish hospitals and emergency

In this paper the Dirichlet problem for a class of standard weighted Laplace operators in the upper half plane is solved by means of a counterpart of the classical Poisson integral formula. Boundary limits and representations of the associated solutions are studied within a framework of weighted spaces of distributions. Special attention is given to the development of a, suitable uniqueness theory

This paper investigates why all-inclusive travel packages are offered at some hotels but not at others. Using the theory of transaction cost, it is argued that all-inclusive contracts mitigate a hold-up problem and that the severity of this problem varies with regard to the hotel's distance from the resort centre. This hypothesis is tested empirically against data from 3,798 hotel offers and is st

Aluminium oxyhydroxide, Al(OH)(3) is one of few compounds approved as an adjuvant in human vaccines. However, the mechanism behind its immune stimulating properties is still poorly understood. In vitro co-culture of an aluminium adjuvant and the human monocytic cell line THP-1 resulted in reduced cell proliferation. Inhibition occurred at concentrations of adjuvant several times lower than would b

This study compares glomerular filtration rate (GFR) equations in children based on standardized cystatin C (CYSC) and creatinine (CREA) and their combinations with renal clearance of inulin (C-inulin). A total of 220 children with different renal disorders were referred for C-inulin (median 84 ml/min/1.73 m(2)). Bias, precision (interquartile range, IQR), and accuracy (percentage of estimates +/-

This article reports on a search for dark matter pair production in association with bottom or top quarks in [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] collisions collected at [Formula: see text] TeV by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events with large missing transverse momentum are selected when produced in association with high-momentum jets of which one or more are identified as jets containing

Background: Gastric Cardiac Cancer (GCC) has high incidence and poor prognosis requiring early screening of high-risk populations. Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins are used as diagnostic-biomarkers in many cancers but not validated for GCC. We evaluate MCM protein 2 (MCM2), comparing it with the validated markers Ki67 and PCNA. Methods: GCC and corresponding cardiac precancerous samples w

Apoptosis, followed by rapid phagocytic clearance, is the primary mechanism by which organisms dispose of unwanted cells. The intracellular and extracellular composition of an apoptotic cell changes to decrease immunogenicity and enhance its uptake. By changing their extracellular composition, apoptotic cells acquire the capacity to bind complement initiation molecules such as C1q and MBL. Binding

Om multikulturella diskurser i Bukovina.

Cigarette smoke exposure is strongly associated with airway hyperreactivity (AHR) which is the main characteristic seen in asthma. The intracellular MAPK signaling pathways are suggested to be associated with the airway damage to the AHR. In the present study, we hypothesize that secondhand cigarette smoke (SHS) exposure upregulates the bronchial contractile receptors via activation of the Raf/ERK