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Popular Abstract in Swedish I samband med 1990 års skattereform förändrades den allmänna inkomstskatten i grunden. Bl.a. infördes skilda skatteskalor för arbetsinkomster och kapitalinkomster. Inkomster som genereras av arbete beskattas progressivt med 45-75 % men avkastning av kapital proportionellt med 30 %. Allokering av inkomst till respektive inkomstkategori har därför stor betydelse i skattesSince the tax reform of 1990 the Swedish tax system separates earned income and capital income. On earned income such as "income from business" taxes and fees leads to a total margin tax burden that vary between 45 and 75 %. This margin effect can be compared to the 30 % proportional income tax on capital income. The allocation of income to earned income or capital income is therefore an important

The objectives of the present study were to estimate 10-year probabilities of clinical vertebral fractures in women, according to age and bone mineral assessment using phalangeal quantitative ultrasound (QUS). Risks were computed from UK derived data on the incidence of a first symptomatic vertebral fracture and mortality rates for each year of age using Poisson models. The 10-year probability of

The aims of the present study were to determine whether a parental history of any fracture or hip fracture specifically are significant risk factors for future fracture in an international setting, and to explore the effects of age, sex and bone mineral density (BMD) on this risk. We studied 34,928 men and women from seven prospectively studied cohorts followed for 134,374 person-years. The cohort

This non-randomized prospective controlled study evaluates a daily school-based exercise intervention program of 40 min/school day for I year in a population-based cohort of 81 boys aged 7-9 years. Controls were 57 age-matched boys assigned to the general school curriculum of 60min/ week. Bone mineral content BMC; g) and areal bone mineral density (aBMD; g/cm(2)) were measured with dual X-ray abso

Mammalian ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which catalyses the first step in polyamine biosynthesis, has a very fast turnover. It is degraded by the 26S proteasome in an ubiquitin-independent process and the degradation is stimulated by polyamines in a feedback control of the enzyme. Interestingly, there is a major difference in the metabolic stability between ODCs from various trypanosomatids. Tryp

Test measures of field-dependence-independence and impulsiveness-control were obtained from two groups of diabetic children and their parents, the children being in optimal (O, n = 12) or poor (P. n = 27) metabolic control and, according to the judgment of clinicians, showing optimal or poor psychological adaptation. Children of the O-group scored lower in impulsiveness and higher in realistic fun

The free intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured simultaneously with isometric force in strips of guinea-pig mesotubarium using the Fura-2 technique. During the relaxed period (5-15 min) between spontaneous contractions [Ca2+]i continues to decrease after full mechanical relaxation to reach a minimal level of 86 +/- 8 nM (n = 9) just before the start of the next contraction.

Euphorbia pulcherrima Klotz plants exposed to short days (11 h light/13 h dark) for a period of eight weeks, developed flowers and a red canopy consisting of bracts and few true leaves. Plants maintained for three weeks under short day conditions, failed to produce flower primordia or a red canopy in the following 5 weeks in continuous light. Between the 4th and 5th short day week, the youngest le

Popular Abstract in Swedish Pollenanalys, kronologi och paleomagnetism på tre senglaciala lokaler i södra Sverige Senglaciala sjösediment (d.v.s. avsatta under slutet av den senaste istiden) från tre bassänger i södra Sverige, Torreberga i Skåne, Farslycke i Blekinge och Bolmen i Småland, har studerats med avseende på pollensammansättning och paleomagnetism. Åldersbestämning och tidsjämförelser bThree sites, Torreberga in Skåne, Farslycke in Blekinge and Lake Bolmen in Småland, with Late Weichselian lake sediments were studied with respect to pollen analysis and palaeomagnetism. The chronologies are based on pollen stratigraphical correlations, radiocarbon dating and, for two of the sites, on a clay-varve chronology. The stratigraphies were correlated to the GRIP event stratigraphy and th

Pore size and thickness of pore walls in macroporous polyacrylamide gels, so-called cryogels (pAAm-cryogels), were controlled by varying the content of monomers in the initial reaction mixture and the cross-linker used. The thickness of pore walls in pAAm-cryogels increased with increasing concentration of monomers in the initial reaction mixture. Pore volume in the supermacroporous pAAm-cryogels

Global data sets of the stable carbon isotope composition of plant leaves, of CO2 in canopy air, and of CO2 in the background atmosphere were compiled and compared to results of a global vegetation model (BIOME4) that simulated, at these three scales, the magnitude, direction, and timing of fluxes of CO2 and C-13 between the biosphere and the atmosphere. Carbon isotope data on leaves were classifi

Recension av Urve Lepasoon; Örlogsvarvet. Ett världsarv i Karlskrona.

The association between retinopathy and nephropathy was investigated in a retrospective study of 52 insulin-dependent diabetics with preproliferative or proliferative retinopathy and in 48 patients without or with background retinopathy. The duration of diabetes was 23.2 +/- 1.0 years (mean +/- SEM) and 22.0 +/- 1.2 years in the two groups. Patients in the retinopathy group showed a higher frequen

The subjects behaved significantly more “hawkish” in an experimental battle of the sexes game when the co-player was a woman compared to when it was a man. Discrimination helped the parties to coordinate and increase the average earnings in the subject group of mixed sex, compared to the unisex groups.

There are four peptidyl-proline bonds in the 64-residue protein chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 (CI2), all of which are in the trans conformation in the native structure. The isomerisation of one or more of these peptidyl-proline bonds to the cis conformation in the denatured state gives rise to heterogeneity, leading to both fast and slow-folding species. The refolding of the fast-folding species, which

The purpose of this paper is to assess the effects, the cost efficiency, and the goal achievement of policy instruments aimed for the development and deployment of wind power in Sweden during the period 1975 to 2000. The paper presents an empirical example of a socio-technical system-based approach for impact assessment, in which changes in the wind power system are described and analysed with res

Theoretical results are presented on the absorption and fluorescence of indole in aqueous solution as well as at the air/water surface. We use a combined quantum chemical statistical mechanical model with explicit solvent. An approximate ab initio complete active space self-consistent field description of the indole molecule is used, coupled to a discrete polarizable water medium. From the bulk si