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Fuel cells (FCs) are promising for future energy systems, since they are energy efficient and fuel can be produced locally. When hydrogen is used as fuel, there are no emissions of greenhouse gases. In this study a two dimensional CFD (COMSOL Multiphysics) is employed to study the effect from porous material surface area ratio on reforming reaction rates and gas species distributions for an anode-
Popular Abstract in Swedish Växter är en av den största grupperna av organismer på jorden. Den här gruppen av organismer kan syntesisera kolhydrater med solenergi. I växter används en stor del av kolhydraterna till att bilda förnyelsebara polysackarider som sedan används för att bygga upp vedstrukturer. Den mest kända växtpolysackariden är cellulosa som består av långa kedjor av glukos. Den näst mHemicellulose is the second most abundant group of renewable polysaccharides. Mannans can be found as the major hemicellulose in softwood and as storage polysaccharides in a range of plants. In this work, structural and functional characterisations of family 5 and 26 endo-1,4-b-mannanases (b-mannanases) have been performed. These families belong to the large and diverse glycoside hydrolase clan A,
Climate change and disasters are among today’s most pressing issues. The damage caused by the world-wide increase in disasters is staggering, with the urban poor being most at risk. Disasters make their al-ready precarious living conditions worse, creating a vicious circle of poverty. More and more attention has thus been given to the need to address changing climatic conditions and disaster risk
Stress corrosion, SC, in some cases gives rise to stress corrosion cracking, SCC, which differs from purely stress intensity driven cracks in many aspects. They initiate and grow under the influence of an aggressive environment in a stressed substrate. They grow at low load and may branch. The phenomenon of SCC is very complex, both the initiation phase and crack extension itself of SCC is seeming
Popular Abstract in Swedish Trots att "block- och ymp- sampolymerer" låter obekant i de flestas öron, kommer vi i kontakt med dem i det vardagliga livet. De kan användas till en rad olika produkter t.ex. leksaker, färg, papper, tvättmedel, läkemedel, kosmetika och i bilar. Denna avhandling handlar om framställning och karatärisering av ympsampolymerer, samt studier av deras egenskaper i vattenlösThe research underlaying this thesis involves synthesis and characterization of well-defined anionic graft copolymers carrying poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) side-chains. Two different grafting techniques were used. Backbone polymers were prepared through radical terpolymerization of maleic anhydride, styrene and an additional comonomer. Poly(ethylene oxide) monomethyl ether (MPEO) were grafted onto
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We introduce and analyze new constructions of LDPC convolutional codes and their tail-biting versions which are obtained from braided convolutional codes. The basic ideas behind the encoding and decoding architectures for these codes are presented. Additionally, asymptotic results concerning the iterative thresholds are shown for different ensembles. Finally, we evaluate the bit error rate perform
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This report focuses on critical metals in Waste from Electrical Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and their recycling possibilities. The criticality is defined in terms of demand. The EU needs access to these metals and recycling can be an important part of the supply-strategy. The report covers assessments of (1) the potential amount of critical metals in the selected product groups, and (2) the actual
Moisture is decisive for a large number of reaction, binding and transport processes in concrete affecting the durability, shrinkage and performance in various environments. Consequently, the role of moisture must be assessed and quantified in a diagnosis of concrete degradation by moisture measurements and a survey of environmental actions. The paper gives an over-view of the role of moisture in
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under det senaste decenniet har idén om maximering av aktieägarvärde (Shareholder Value) och en allmänt ökad aktiemarknadsorientering spridit sig från USA och Storbritannien, där den traditionellt har haft ett starkt fäste, till övriga Europa och utgör numera en dominerade ideologi i många av de större, börsnoterade aktiebolagen. Mycket av den traditionella litteraturenDuring the last few decades, the belief in the economic benefits of maximization of shareholder value as a principle of corporate governance has spread from its traditional Anglo Saxon strongholds to the rest of Europe and can now be described as an established and dominant ideology in many large corporations. The more influential part of the literature on shareholder value has mainly paid attenti
Abstract in Danish Territorier, stater og nationer har stadig stor betydning. Selvom Europa på overfladen kan se ud som en overskuelig politisk geografi af suveræne stater, er der i virkeligheden tale om et kompliceret kludetæppe af formelle og uformelle grænser og overlappende territorier. Nutidens Europa minder på mange måder om middelalderens komplicerede politiske geografi. Territorium, stat o
