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Parallel to the intensified digitization of financial transactions, an ancient informal system continues to operate in the shadows, exerting a significant influence on global financial structures. Hawala, as this system is known, is recognized for its dual nature, allowing it to function as a legitimate financial system, while its informal structure, particularly its lack of governmental oversight

In recent decades, digital markets have become one of the most significant and debated areas not only in the world of politics and economics, but also in legal doctrine and practice. The rapid evolution of dynamic digital markets, coupled with the outline of the Digital Markets Act (DMA), has led to significant debate within EU competition law on the appropriate balance between ex-ante and ex-post

En mobilitetslösning för framtidens landsbygd Finns det alternativ eller komplement till den privatägda bilen? Skulle du som bor på eller arbetar med landsbygden våga testa och fortsätta använda ett sådant alternativ om det erbjöds? Detta testas i Skåne under ett års tid, där det dessutom visat sig att många är villiga att prova nya alternativ – när dessa görs möjliga och tillgängliga i vardagen.The transport sector contributes significantly to air pollution and requires suitable alternatives to help mitigate climate change. In the municipalities of Sjöbo, Svalöv and Tomelilla in Skåne, Sweden, Skånetrafiken is currently running a pilot project for on-demand public transport, called SkåneFlex. This study aims to examine the reasoning behind the design of SkåneFlex and to explore whether i

This thesis evaluates an ensemble-based framework for predicting stock prices using pretrained transformer models for sentiment analysis and locally trained transformers for time series forecasting. Sentiment signals were generated from financial news using FinBERT, RoBERTa, and VADER, then combined with historical stock price data from Refinitiv Eikon. To enhance label quality, a custom ensemble

This master’s thesis explores the design of monopile foundations for a conceptual offshore wind farm in the Golfo de Cádiz, Spain. It uses a one-dimensional (1D) finite element (FE) modeling approach, based on the PISA-study. With the PISAstudy, new design models are available, which replace the traditionally used p-y method. A central part of this thesis is the Abaqus software, which is used to m

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) include a large group of chemicals that has been used for many decades because of their mechanical and chemical stability. They owe these unique features due to the strong C-F bonds in their molecules. PFAS can be fully or partly fluorinated and the more fluorinated they get, the more persistent they become. They have been used in several industries such

This qualitative study aimed to explore the perceptions of social workers in various professional roles—social secretaries, counselors, and family therapists, regarding sibling abuse, and to examine whether their perspectives differ. The study also sought to investigate the potential consequences associated with a normalized view of sibling abuse for the children involved. Semi-structured intervie

Sjön Hummeln (57°22´N, 16°15´Ö) i sydöstra Sverige har bildats av ett nedslag, som bekräftats nyligen. I ett tidigare arbete togs en borrkärna, till 160 meters djup, upp från strukturen. Lagerföljden dokumenterades och daterades utifrån hittade mikrofossil. Dateringen blev då: kambrium – ordovicium – kambrium. De har daterat nedslaget som bildade Hummeln till ordovicium (488 – 444 Ma). Man har sen

This thesis explores how creative professionals in a global automotive company's advanced design department navigate the creative process when designing for uncertain long-term futures. Through ten semi-structured interviews and an interpretive, qualitative approach, the study investigates how meaning is constructed and ideas are developed in contexts lacking clear problems, timelines, or eval

This paper examines the connection between inflation and long-term economic growth in the European Union by using a panel data analysis over the period 1983-2023. The study is built on earlier research which indicates that inflation may have a negative impact on economic growth but especially at higher levels. Relying on both exogenous and endogenous growth theories, this study also highlights the

I detta examensarbete studerades modellering och simulering av SSAB:s hetvattensystem i Borlänge baserat på systembeskrivningar och befintliga data. Enkelt uttryckt representerar detta system SSAB:s interna fjärrvärmenät, vilket försörjer anläggningens byggnader med hetvatten för både uppvärmning och tappvarmvatten. Även om en del av den producerade värmen förbrukas av processer och av kommunens fIn this thesis, the modeling and simulation of SSAB’s hot water system in Borlänge was studied based on system descriptions and existing data. In simple terms, this system represents the internal district heating network of SSAB, which supplies hot water to the buildings of the facilities, both for heating and warm water consumption. While some amount of the produced heat is consumed by processes

Återvätning av våtmark hämmas av markavattningsföretag En fjärdedel av Sveriges våtmark är avvattnad och detta kan ha gjorts med hjälp av markavvattningsföretag. Nu vill Sveriges regering återväta våtmarker men markavvattningsföretagen ligger som en blöt filt över processen. Faktum är att de kan vara den enda anledningen till att ett återvätningsprojekt läggs ner. Den absolut mest betydande probleWetlands are one of the most precious ecosystems in the world. They are important be-cause of their high biological diversity and unique properties, such as water purification and carbon sequestration. Yet, wetlands are also one of the most endangered ecosystems due to land draining. In Sweden, wetlands have been drained för centuries due to the lack of arable land. The draining can have been acco

This thesis examines the economic impact of US governors. It focuses specifically on crossover governors – who serve in a state politically dominated by the other major party – to analyse the impact of governors operating in politically adverse environments. Employing the synthetic-control method, it conducts counterfactual analyses of eight such governors from the 2000s and 2010s across six macro

Emerging technologies have increased the need for cybersecurity protection in web-based systems. This is especially true for drone systems, where any attack would threaten critical missions trying to save lives. In this study, the Remote Mission Control platform developed by Remote Aero is examined, the goal is identifying cybersecurity risks and proposing improvements to strengthen the system

This thesis investigates potential macroeconomic effects of replacing a substantial part of the energy demand by green hydrogen in Brazil, Germany, Japan and the US. The objective is to calculate the levelized cost of hydrogen by assuming domestic production of green hydrogen, corresponding to 11% of the energy demand, in each respective country. Thus, this thesis provides insights into the econom

In this research, the geomorphology of the southern part of the Ares Vallis region on Mars was investigated, combining a classification of dominant land-shaping processes with the detailed morphometrical analysis for specific landforms individuated within the study area. Situated close to the Martian equator, Ares Vallis is one of the most well-preserved outflow channels on the planet. Its origin

Sibling violence is an often overlooked form of domestic violence, despite research suggesting it is one of the most common types of violence experienced by children. This study aims to explore the challenges faced by family therapists within Swedish social services in identifying and addressing sibling violence, how these challenges affect their professional discretion, and what consequences sibl

Nyköpingsområdet, som ligger i den Mellansvenska ändmoränzonen (MSEMZ), innehåller många spridda moränryggar. Medan andra delar av MSEMZ uppvisar spår av en isframstöt under yngre dryas, saknas sådana tecken i detta område. Istället uppvisar vissa av ryggarna i Nyköpingsområdet morfologier som liknar så kallade grounding zone wedges (GZW), vilka vanligtvis bildas subakvatiskt när iskanten tillfällThe Nyköping area, located within the Middle Swedish End Moraine Zone (MSEMZ), contains numerous scattered ridges. While other parts of the MSEMZ show evidence of an ice readvance during the Younger Dryas, such features are absent in this region. Instead, some of the ridges in the Nyköping area exhibit morphologies similar to grounding zone wedges (GZW), which typically form subaqueously at tempor

An integrated lunar habitat system is proposed, combining mycelium-based biological materials, autonomous robotic construction, and modular architectural strategies to enable long-term adaptation in extreme environments. Before human arrival, robotic units construct the primary structure and initiate mycelium growth along interior surfaces. This fungal layer functions as a living sensor network, w

This study discusses IKEA's brand storytelling across its official websites and Chinese social media platforms, with a focus on the balance between consistency and localisation in its brand narratives on the Swedish and Chinese official websites, as well as the expression of local adaptation in the brand's official accounts on Xiaohongshu and Weibo. Through multimodal social semiotic analy