Published 19 May 2022 Epidemiologists commonly use an adjusted hazard ratio or incidence density ratio, or a standardized mortality ratio, to measure a difference in all-cause mortality rates. They seldom translate it into an age-, time-, or probability-based measure that would be easier to communicate and to relate to. Several articles have shown how to translate from a standardized mortality rat

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/translating-all-cause-mortality-rate-ratios-or-hazard-ratios-age-longevity-and-probability-based - 2025-03-10

Published 20 May 2022 Results of randomized trials and observational studies can be difficult to communicate. Results are often presented as risk or survival functions stratified by the treatment or exposure (1, 2). However, a contrast between the stratified risk functions is often of primary interest. Here we propose a “twister” plot to visualize contrasts in risk over the duration of a study. Th

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/twister-plots-time-event-studies - 2025-03-10

Published 23 May 2022 Psychosocial constructs can only be assessed indirectly, and measures are typically formed by a combination of indicators that are thought to relate to the construct. Reflective and formative measurement models offer different conceptualizations of the relation between the indicators and what is sometimes conceived of as a univariate latent variable supposed to correspond in

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/constructed-measures-and-causal-inference-towards-new-model-measurement-psychosocial-constructs - 2025-03-10

Published 24 May 2022 Mendelian randomization (MR) is often used to estimate effects of time-varying exposures on health outcomes using observational data. However, MR studies typically use a single measurement of exposure and apply conventional instrumental variable (IV) methods designed to handle time-fixed exposures. As such, MR effect estimates for time-varying exposures are often biased, and

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/mendelian-randomization-repeated-measures-time-varying-exposure - 2025-03-10

Published 25 May 2022 Lifetime risk measures the cumulative risk for developing a disease over one’s lifespan. Modeling the lifetime risk must account for left truncation, the competing risk of death, and inference at a fixed age. In addition, statistical methods to predict the lifetime risk should account for covariate-outcome associations that change with age. In this paper, we review and compar

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/comparison-statistical-methods-predict-residual-lifetime-risk - 2025-03-10

Published 30 May 2022 The Diet, Cancer and Health—Next Generations (DCH-NG) study is a large population-based cohort study that was established as a resource for transgenerational research. The cohort is an extension of the Diet, Cancer and Health (DCH) cohort. The aim of this paper was to describe the study design and methods and to investigate the representativeness of participants by comparing

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/cohort-profile-and-representativeness-participants-diet-cancer-and-health-next-generations-cohort - 2025-03-10

Published 1 June 2018 Karin Larsson's presentation from the GIS seminar is now available Read more here.

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/what-gis-and-what-can-it-be-used - 2025-03-10

Published 1 June 2022 Recruiting participants to a clinical study is a resource-intensive process with a high failure rate. The Scottish Health Research Register (SHARE) provides recruitment support service which helps researchers recruit participants by searching patients’ Electronic Health Records (EHRs). The current study aims to evaluate the performance of SHARE in participant recruitment. Rea

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/early-experience-opt-research-register-scottish-health-research-register-share-multi-method - 2025-03-10

Published 2 June 2022 Modern artificial intelligence techniques have solved some previously intractable problems and produced impressive results in selected medical domains. One of their drawbacks is that they often need very large amounts of data. Pre-existing datasets in the form of national cancer registries, image/genetic depositories and clinical datasets already exist and have been used for

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/registries-databases-and-repositories-developing-artificial-intelligence-cancer-care - 2025-03-10

Published 3 June 2022 Background: The Danish National Patient Registry is a major resource for Danish epidemiology. Only a few studies have been conducted to check the validity of the reporting of systemic anticancer treatments. In this study, we assessed this validity for a range of cancer types over a long period of time. Patients and Methods: We extracted systemic anticancer treatment procedure

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/high-validity-danish-national-patient-registry-systemic-anticancer-treatment-registration-2009-2019 - 2025-03-10

Published 7 June 2022 The DMSKW is a valuable structure in providing safety data on drug exposure during pregnancy and lactation in combination with information on disease activity up to 6 years postpartum. This article will be the reference for describing the methods of future publications from the DMSKW. Read the paper at https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/17562864211054956

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/german-multiple-sclerosis-and-pregnancy-registry-rationale-objective-design-and-first-results - 2025-03-10

Published 13 June 2022 Sibling comparison studies have the attractive feature of being able to control for unmeasured confounding by factors that are shared within families. However, there is sometimes a concern that these studies may have poor generalizability (external validity) due to the implicit restriction to families that are covariate-discordant, i.e., those families where at least two sib

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/generalizability-and-effect-measure-modification-sibling-comparison-studies - 2025-03-10

Published 14 June 2022 Collinearity can be a problem in regression models. When examining the effects of an exposure at different time points, constrained distributed lag models can alleviate some of the problems caused by collinearity. Still, some consequences of collinearity may remain and they are often unexplored. We aimed to illustrate the effects of collinearity in the context of distributed

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/reflection-modern-methods-visualizing-effects-collinearity-distributed-lag-models - 2025-03-10

Published 16 June 2022 Methods for calculating health indicators profoundly influence understanding of and action on population health and inequities. Age-standardization can be useful and is commonly applied to account for differences in age structures when comparing health indicators across groups. Age-standardized rates have well-acknowledged limitations, including that they are relative indice

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/reflection-modern-methods-statistical-policy-and-ethical-implications-using-age-standardized-health - 2025-03-10

Published 4 June 2018 Internationella bidrag, Nätverksbidrag och Tidskriftsbidrag 2018 Denna utlysning avser fem olika bidragsformer: gästforskarbidrag för inresande och utresande forskare, konferensbidrag, nätverksbidrag samt tidskriftsbidrag. Max en ansökan per huvudsökande och bidragsform är tillåten.Läs mer här.

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/nya-utlysningar-fran-forte - 2025-03-10

Published 17 June 2022 Inverse probability weights are increasingly used in epidemiological analysis, and estimation and application of weights to address a single bias are well discussed in the literature. Weights to address multiple biases simultaneously (i.e. a combination of weights) have almost exclusively been discussed related to marginal structural models in longitudinal settings where tre

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/reflection-modern-methods-combining-weights-confounding-and-missing-data - 2025-03-10

Published 20 June 2022 When research questions require the use of precious samples, expensive assays or equipment, or labor-intensive data collection or analysis, nested case–control or case–cohort sampling of observational cohort study participants can often reduce costs. These study designs have similar statistical precision for addressing a singular research question, but case–cohort studies ha

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/case-case-cohort-applied-epidemiologists-guide-reframing-case-cohort-studies-improve-usability-and - 2025-03-10

Published 21 June 2022 Quantifying the impact of natural disasters or epidemics is critical for guiding policy decisions and interventions. When the effects of an event are long-lasting and difficult to detect in the short term, the accumulated effects can be devastating. Mortality is one of the most reliably measured health outcomes, partly due to its unambiguous definition. As a result, excess m

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/flexible-statistical-framework-estimating-excess-mortality - 2025-03-10

Published 25 July 2022 The research group Active and Healthy Ageing conducts research and education at the doctoral level in the field of ageing and health. We represent many different disciplines and professions - gerontology, occupational therapy, physiotherapy, nursing, public health science, sociology, psychology and epidemiology. The research group is led by professor Susanne Iwarsson, locate

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/phd-environmental-epidemiology-and-ageing-lund-university - 2025-03-10

Published 25 July 2022 The position as postdoctoral researcher is located at the Department of Sociology, and is part of the research project “Changing gender and class relations in the wake of RUT and ROT usage*”, funded by Forte. The aim of the project is to generate theoretical and empirical knowledge about how gender and class relations change when household work is outsourced (i.e. RUT and RO

https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/postdoctoral-researcher-project-rutrot-families-work-and-health-lund-university - 2025-03-10