Introduction: Gallbladder carcinoma is about 0.5% of all cancer. The outcome of patients with gallbladder carcinoma is overall bad and the only potentially curative treatment is surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the disease's prevalence in Iceland and outcome of the patients diagnosed in the study period.Patients and methods: This was a retrospective study of all diagnosed patients w

The environment suffers enormously during armed conflicts and, despite the increasing awareness of the pressing need to protect the planet, devastating environmental damage can occur legally at times of war. This book suggests that – apart from the protection offered under law of armed conflict – environmental treaties or multilateral agreements (MEAs) can complement and strengthen environmental p

This article aims at questioning the uses of feminist epistemologies and methodologies in the context of a fieldwork project conducted in Colombia on the return to civilian life of female combatants. While the topic « female combatants »tends to be the object of an academic over-investment, contributing to its depoliticization, the Authors discuss the various approaches, tools and methods produced

The design of buildings has mainly focused on energy performances during the last decades however, it is also important to emphasize human needs and behaviour. Our research projects aim to advance knowledge of sustainability concepts in building design by investigating how buildings communicate with users towards sustainability, how are buildings perceived and used, and the roles of the individual

Past research on the effect of oxygen concentration on the heat release rate and carbon monoxide yield has focused on materials in isolation and there is a lack of research that studies end-use products. This paper investigates the effect of oxygen concentration on the heat release rate per unit area (HRRPUA) and carbon monoxide yield for two different cables and a mineral oil used as an operating

En inspirationsbok med verktyg för att främja återhämtning under arbetsdagen – både för individ och verksamhet.

A number of strategies have emerged over the last decades to guide the development of online learning com- munities where members share, augment and co-create information but few tools to measure their success. This paper suggests that some online communities’ success can be understood through the lens of online collective efficacy. Albert Bandura introduced the idea of collective efficacy as an e

This chapter analyzes the changing accounts of Dersim from 1937 to 1938 in the dominant state discourse as well as subjugated narratives of the oppressed and argues that Erdoğan’s Dersim ‘apology’ instrumentalized the traumatic history of Dersim and the Dersim community not only to disgrace his rival party CHP and to discredit its Dersimli leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, but also to challenge Kemalism

BACKGROUND: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects >200 million people worldwide and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. We sought to identify genomic variants associated with PAD overall and in the contexts of diabetes and smoking status. METHODS: We identified genetic variants associated with PAD and then meta-analyzed with published summary statistics from the Million Veterans Pro

A high quality benchmark for small variants encompassing 88 to 90% of the reference genome has been developed for seven Genome in a Bottle (GIAB) reference samples. However a reliable benchmark for large indels and structural variants (SVs) is yet to be defined. In this study, we manually curated 1235 SVs which can ultimately be used to evaluate SV callers ortrain machine learning models. We devel

The precisionFDA Truth Challenge V2 aimed to assess the state-of-the-art of variant calling in difficult-to-map regions and the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). Starting with FASTQ files, 20 challenge participants applied their variant calling pipelines and submitted 64 variant callsets for one or more sequencing technologies (~35X Illumina, ~35X PacBio HiFi, and ~50X Oxford Nanopore Techno

Severe COVID-19 is characterised by immunopathology and epithelial injury. Proteomic studies have identified circulating proteins that are biomarkers of severe COVID-19, but cannot distinguish correlation from causation. To address this, we performed Mendelian randomisation (MR) to identify proteins that mediate severe COVID-19. Using protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data from the SCALLOP co

Background: Adolescents with HIV are faced with challenges when taking care of their medication, which affects their treatment adherence. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the experiences and needs of adolescents living with HIV regarding their antiretroviral therapy adherence and retention in care in southern Ethiopia.Methods: An inductive qualitative study design was applied to explore adol

Spleen cells from WF rats immunized to allogeneic lymphoid cells or to syngeneic colon carcinomas and from unimmunized controls were separated by countercurrent distribution in aqueous two-phase systems. The cells were assayed for cytotoxicity to allogeneic fibroblasts or syngeneic colon carcinoma cells and to syngeneic fibroblasts in a 24-hr 51Cr-release assay. Cells from immunized rats which sel

Protein-protein interactions can be challenging to study yet provide insights into how biological systems function. Targeted cross-linking mass spectrometry (TX-MS), a method combining quaternary protein structure modeling and chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry, creates high-accuracy structure models using data obtained from complex, unfractionated samples. This removes one of the major obst

Spina bifida (SB) is a debilitating birth defect caused by multiple gene and environment interactions. Though SB shows non-Mendelian inheritance, genetic factors contribute to an estimated 70% of cases. Nevertheless, identifying human mutations conferring SB risk is challenging due to its relative rarity, genetic heterogeneity, incomplete penetrance, and environmental influences that hamper genome

Celiac disease is a chronic small bowel disease induced by ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals affecting 1% among Caucasians in the Western world. The prevalence of celiac disease is still unknown in most developing countries, especially in Africa which suffer from lack of resources to perform screening of the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the pr

Atmospheric heavy elements have been observed in more than a quarter of white dwarfs (WDs) at different cooling ages, indicating ongoing accretion of asteroidal material, whilst only a few per cent of the WDs possess a dust disc, and all these WDs are accreting metals. Here, assuming that a rubble-pile asteroid is scattered inside a WD's Roche lobe by a planet, we study its tidal disruption and th