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BACKGROUND: Proteomic approaches allow measurement of thousands of proteins in a single specimen, which can accelerate biomarker discovery. However, applying these technologies to massive biobanks is not currently feasible because of the practical barriers and costs of implementing such assays at scale. To overcome these challenges, we used a "virtual proteomic" approach, linking genetically predi
The oral antidiabetic drug metformin is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties through activation of AMP kinase, thus protecting various brain tissues as cortical neurons, for example. However, the effect of metformin on the substantia nigra (SN), the main structure affected in Parkinson’s disease (PD), has not yet been studied in depth. Inflammation is a key feature of PD and it may play a
Mesopolobus incultus auct. is hypothesized to consist of two different species, M. amyntor (Walker) and M incultus (Walker). This hypothesis is supported by molecular (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, i.e. COI), morphological and biological data. Mesopolobus amyntor is a primary parasitoid of Mecinus pascuorum (Gyllenhal) and M. labilis (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Plantago lanceolata. M
In this paper we address the problem of registering and merging two maps in two dimensions, given covariance estimates of the two maps. We show that if two maps are given in the same coordinate system, then the problem of merging them in a statistically optimal way can be formulated as a linear least squares problem, but if they are given in different coordinate systems as well the problem becomes
An optimal plasmonic resonance is derived for small homogeneous and isotropic inclusions in a lossy surrounding medium. The optimal resonance is given in terms of any particular eigenmode (electrostatic resonance) associated with the double-layer potential for a smooth, but otherwise arbitrary surface.
The European Spallation Source (ESS), presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, is designed to be the world's brightest neutron source. When it will be in operation, ESS will deliver an instantaneous neutron flux on detectors that will be without precedent. A down side of the high brightness will be the increase of background, especially from gamma-rays and fast-neutrons.Considering that scatt
Many studies have been, and are currently, conducted on how virtual agents should be designed and used for training and learning. In this paper we address the question of how such agents are introduced to users in systems and classroom settings, and the possible effect that have on how they are perceived, and the reactions and behavior that they invoke. We specifically investigated a system where
We develop an algorithm for recursively constructing orthogonal multiplet bases for the color space of QCD, for any order of partons and any Nc. This recipe is then applied for explicitly constructing some of these bases. Using the bases, a corresponding set of Wigner 6j coefficients are calculated. The Wigner coefficients offer a method of using multiplet bases without resorting to the explicit e
Concomitant reactions to palladium chloride (PdCl2), sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2PdCl4), and nickel hexahydrate sulphate (NiSO4·6H2O) are very common during patch testing and have mainly been explained by cross-sensitisation. Whether there is variation in reactivity to palladium or covariation to nickel and palladium is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the variation in patch
Sensitivity tests were conducted using a state-of-the-art aerosol–cloud to investigate the key microphysical and dynamical mechanisms by which solid aerosols affect glaciated clouds. The tests involved simulations of two contrasting cases of deep convection—a tropical maritime case and a midlatitude continental case, in which solid aerosol concentrations were increased from their pre-industrial (1
Fast directional growth is a necessity for the young seedling; after germination, it needs to quickly penetrate the soil to begin its autotrophic life. In most dicot plants, this rapid escape is due to the anisotropic elongation of the hypocotyl, the columnar organ between the root and the shoot meristems. Anisotropic growth is common in plant organs and is canonically attributed to cell wall anis
Glucose is the major energy substrate during embryogenesis and the embryo is dependent on glucose from the maternal circulation to ensure normal metabolism and growth. The placenta plays a key role in this nutrient transfer in mammals, both during embryogenesis and after the development of the chorio-allantoic placental circulation. Maternal hypoglycaemia is accompanied by foetal hypoglycaemia and
The main aims of this work were: 1) to increase the understanding of the segregation process that occurs during a segregation test that follows the ASTM sifting segregation procedure, and 2) to understand the effect of powder load, fines mass fraction and particle diameter ratio on the segregation of ideal blends. Binary blends of microcrystalline cellulose particles (mean diameter ranging from 16
