In many animals, catabolic and anabolic periods are temporally separated. Migratory birds alternate energy expenditure during flight with energy accumulation during stopover. The size of the energy stores at stopover affects the decision to resume migration and thus the temporal organization of migration. We now provide data suggesting that it is not only the size of the energy stores per se that

Air travel is often justified as ‘necessary’ or ‘unavoidable’, in the sense that trips have purpose and value. Yet it is evident that people travel for reasons that may include forced and voluntary movement, with motives ranging from visiting friends and family, to leisure, or business. In light of the challenge to decarbonise transport, and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, this paper

The retinofugal projections in the eel were studied by use of the cobalt-filling technique. The optic tract projects contralaterally to the hypothalamic optic nucleus, the anterior periventricular nucleus, the lateral geniculate nucleus, the dorsomedial optic nucleus, four pretectal recipient areas, the optic tectum, and the tegmentum. Small ipsilateral projections were demonstrated in the hypotha

Lars E O Svenssons kritik mot att Riksbanken inte har uppnått inflationsmålet har lett till en infekterad debatt mellan ledande ekonomer. Vår genomgång av hans kalkyler visar att de är bräckliga och missvisande, skriver ekonomiforskarna Lars Jonung och Fredrik N G Andersson.

Immunocytochemistry using antibodies against Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin has demonstrated a group of large enkephalin-immunoreactive neurons in the nucleus of the rostral mesencephalic tegmentum (mRMT) of two teleost fish, Salmo gairdneri and Salmo salar. Injections of cobalt-lysine in the medial optic tectum retrogradely labeled the above group of tegmental neurons. Tegmental neurons were l

This paper investigates how cross-linguistic phoneme distributions of 56 fundamental oppositional concepts can reveal semantic relationships by looking into the linguistic forms of 75 genetically and areally distributed languages. Based on proposals of semantic primes (Goddard & Wierzbicka 2002), reduced Swadesh lists (Holman et al. 2008), presumed ultraconservative words (Pagel et al. 2013),

Floods are natural hazards with serious impact on many aspects of human life. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported that climate change already has significant impact on magnitude and frequency of flood events worldwide. Thus, it is suggested to adopt strategies to manage damage impacts of climate change. For this, involving the local community in the decision-making proces

In the Western political science literature of the late 20th and early 21st century, the Middle East has often been described, not only as authoritarian, but also as impervious to democracy. Institutional, structural, and cultural explanations were advanced to explain this democracy deficit. This article will debunk the notion that democratization in the Middle East is limited by entrenched Muslim

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) is a cancer-causing virus that contributes to at least 70% of cervical cancer as well as to other anogenital cancers and head and neck cancer. Understanding HPV16 gene regulation is important to enhance our understanding of HPV16 infections and may contribute to development of antiviral drugs. In this study, we show that nucleosides/nucleoside analogues have th

Aim: It is not clear whether perinatal acidosis can predict poor outcomes in extremely preterm infants and we investigated associations between intrapartum hypoxia and mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Methods: We used nationwide data on 705 infants from the Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study, delivered at 22-26 weeks of gestation during 2004-2007. Comprehensive neurodevelopmental

Background and Purpose: Recent data suggest that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) form aggregates with microparticles (MPs) upon activation of neutrophils although the functional role of NET-MP complexes remain elusive. The objective of this study was to examine the role of NET-MP aggregates in leukocyte recruitment in vivo. Experimental Approach: PMA stimulation of murine bone marrow neutrop

Objective: In Sweden complications after radical cystectomy have been reported to the nationwide population-based Swedish Cystectomy Registry since 2011. Here, validation of the reporting was assessed in two healthcare regions. Materials and methods: Complications were ascertained from patient records by a third party not involved in the care delivered to 429 randomly selected patients from 949 wh