Background: Prospective studies on insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk are inconclusive. Data suggest risk associations vary by tumour characteristics. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) to evaluate IGF-I concentrations and EOC risk by tumour characteristics (n = 565

In patients with haemophilia A, factor VIII (FVIII) prophylaxis reduces bleeding frequency and joint damage compared with on-demand therapy. To assess the effect of prophylaxis initiation age, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate bone and cartilage damage in patients with severe haemophilia A. In this cross-sectional, multinational investigation, patients aged 12-35years were assi

We report electron transfer between the catalytic molybdenum cofactor (Moco) domain of human sulfite oxidase (hSO) and electrodes through a poly(vinylpyridine)-bound [osmium(N,N'-methyl-2,2'-biimidazole)(3)](2+/3+) complex as the electron-transfer mediator. The biocatalyst was immobilized in this low-potential redox polymer on a carbon electrode. Upon the addition of sulfite to the immobilized sep

The skin barrier is a responding membrane that separates environments with profoundly different water contents. This implies a substantial water gradient across the skin membrane, which controls transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin hydration. We define the microclimate of the skin as the activity of water in the outermost layer of skin. By applying an occluding film composed of a pharmaceutic

A search for new heavy particles manifested as resonances in two-jet final states is presented. The data were produced in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions by the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 315 nb(-1) collected by the ATLAS detector. No resonances were observed. Upper limits were set on the product of cross section and signal acceptance for excited-quark (q*) production as a fu

This study investigates agglomeration effects for classical music production in a wide range of cities for a global sample of composers born between 1750 and 1899. Theory suggests a trade-off between agglomeration economies (peer effects) and diseconomies (peer crowding). I test this hypothesis using historical data on composers and employ a unique instrumental variable - a measure of birth centra

Budburst models have mainly been developed to capture the processes of individual trees, and vary in their complexity and plant physiological realism. We evaluated how well eleven models capture the variation in budburst of birch and Norway spruce in Germany, Austria, the United Kingdom and Finland. The comparison was based on the models performance in relation to their underlying physiological as

Purpose: To evaluate the posterior capsule opacification (PCO) rates in three different modern standard intraocular lenses (IOL) and analyse the related cost. Methods: Retrospective study of medical records from 1527 patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery by phacoemulsification with posterior chamber implantation of either AcrySof SN60 (n = 375), Akreos Adapt (n = 350) or Tecnis Acryl

A search for squarks and gluinos in final states containing jets, missing transverse momentum and no high-p(T) electrons or muons is presented. The data represent the complete sample recorded in 2011 by the ATLAS experiment in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, with a total integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1). No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is o

Ten countries have established quotas for female representation on publicly traded corporate and/or state-owned enterprise boards of directors, ranging from 33 to 50 %, with various sanctions. Fifteen other countries have introduced non-binding gender quotas in their corporate governance codes enforcing a "comply or explain" principle. Countless other countries' leaders and policy groups are in th

The effect of event background fluctuations on charged particle jet reconstruction in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV has been measured with the ALICE experiment. The main sources of non-statistical fluctuations are characterized based purely on experimental data with an unbiased method, as well as by using single high p(t) particles and simulated jets embedded into real Pb-Pb events and

Nanostructured neural interfaces, comprising nanotubes or nanowires, have the potential to overcome the present hurdles of achieving stable communication with neuronal networks for long periods of time. This would have a strong impact on brain research. However, little information is available on the brain response to implanted high-aspect-ratio nanoparticles, which share morphological similaritie

The growth and resorption of bone are governed by interaction between several cells such as bone-forming osteoblasts, osteocytes, lining cells and bone-resorbing osteoclasts. The cells considered in this study reside in the periosteum. Furthermore, they are believed to be activated by certain substances to initiate bone growth. This study focuses on the role that stress driven diffusion plays in t

The article engages in the critical debates over the utopian aspects of the Western heritage that took place in the wake of the Second World War. A striking feature of these debates is how thinkers from the entire political spectra – from Georg Lukács to Isaiah Berlin and Eric Voegelin – made very similar analyses, although they draw quite different conclusions. Hence all of them blamed German Rom

Reduced insulin release has been linked to defect exocytosis in β-cells. However, whether expression of genes suggested to be involved in the exocytotic process (exocytotic genes) is altered in pancreatic islets from patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and correlate to insulin secretion, needs to be further investigated. Analysing expression levels of 23 exocytotic genes using microarray revealed

We study broadcasting, also known as one-to-all communication, in synchronous radio networks with known topology modeled by undirected (symmetric) graphs, where the interference range of a node is likely exceeding its transmission range. In this model, if two nodes are connected by a transmission edge they can communicate directly. On the other hand, if two nodes are connected by an interference e

The R620W variant of PTPN22 is one of the major genetic risk factors for several autoimmune disorders including type 1 diabetes (T1D) in humans. In the BioBreeding T1D-prone (BBDP) rat, a single nucleotide polymorphism in Ptpn22 results in an A629T substitution immediately C-terminal to the aliphatic residues central to the Ptpn22-C-terminal Src kinase interaction. This variant exhibits a 50% decr

Objectives. Little data exists on atrial adaptation to training in women. Furthermore, data on right atrial (RA) volumes is lacking for both male and female athletes. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate atrial volumes in male and female athletes. Design. A total of 75 athletes (33 women) and 53 controls (21 women) underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Left atria