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The paper attempts to explain the renaissance of Leninism by interpreting the questions that the Left had, to which different versions of Leninism became answers. In order to articulate background questions of the Left, the challenge of the New Left to the general Swedish post.war perspective is described. Two competing historical orientations within the Left and the tensions between related organ
Parkinson\'s Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative a�iction only surpassed by Alzheimer\'s Disease (AD). Moreover, it is expected to increase in the next decade with accelerating treatment costs as a consequence. This situation leads us towards the need to develop a Decision Support System for PD. In this paper we propose methods based on ANNs and SVMs to aid the specialist in
Molecular mimicry of chemokine ligands has been described for several pathogens. Toxoplasma gondii produces a protein, cyclophilin-18 (C-18), which binds to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-receptor CCR5 and inhibits fusion and infection of T cells and macrophages by R5 viruses but not by X4 viruses. We recently identified structural determinants of C-18 required for anti-HIV activity (Ya
We have studied the formation of different types of cell matrix adhesions in cells that bind to fibronectin via either alpha5beta1 or alphavbeta3. In both cases, cell adhesion to fibronectin leads to a rapid decrease in RhoA activity. However, alpha5beta1 but not alphavbeta3 supports high levels of RhoA activity at later stages of cell spreading, which are associated with a translocation of focal
A subpopulation of neurones in the cerebellar nuclei projects to the inferior olive, the source of the climbing fibre input to the cerebellum. This nucleo-olivary projection follows the zonal and, probably also, the microzonal arrangement of the cerebellum so that closed loops are formed between the neurones in the olive, the cerebellar cortex and the nuclei. The nucleo-olivary pathway is GABAergi
A novel technique that uses polymer nanoparticles as pseudostationary phase in capillary electrochromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry detection is described. A continuous full filling technique in which the nanoparticles were suspended in the entire electrolyte volume as well as a conventional partial filling technique is presented. No nanoparticles entered the mass spectro
Coastal dunefields have developed on the west coast of Jutland in Denmark over the past 5000 years. The dunefields are situated in a temperate climate zone with frequent high energy wind events. Dunefield development was characterized by repeated periods of transgressive dune formation punctuated by periods of dune stabilization and soil formation. The chronology of dunefield evolution is based on
A recirculating terminal pumping system has been installed in the 3 MV Pelletron tandem accelerator in Lund. An extremly limited space in the high voltage terminal and the absence of electrical power in the terminal, forced us to provide a unique design for the installation and powering of the new pumps. Details of the technical design, as well as experience of the use of the new system for accele
Dissociated embryonic ventral mesencephalic tissue is a source of dopaminergic neurones in both cell culture and neural transplantation studies. Around 90% of grafted dopaminergic neurones die within 1 week after transplantation. Little is known about when the cell death is triggered and what forms of cell death predominate. Using electron microscopy, we characterised ultrastructural changes in di
Carnivory in plants is restricted to nutrient-poor and open habitats presumably because of high benefits and/or low costs of carnivory in these conditions. Carnivory is costly because the plants need specific adaptations to capture prey. Drosera rotundifolia produces sticky substances on its leaf surface to catch prey. These substances are primarily carbon-based, and their production can be expect
Curli are surface organelles of Escherichia coli. These fibrous proteins, formed by polymerization of a 15-kDa subunit, are expressed by E. coli strains associated with severe infections in humans. A remarkable property of curli is their ability to interact with a wide range of human proteins, interactions that contribute to the enhanced virulence of curli-expressing E. coli. To define the protein
Using ancient DNA sequences of subfossil European pond turtles (Emys orbicularis) from Britain, Central and North Europe and accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating for turtle remains from most Swedish sites, we provide evidence for a Holocene range expansion of the pond turtle from the southeastern Balkans into Britain, Central Europe and Scandinavia, according to the 'grasshopper patter
Cationic iron carbonyl cyclohexadiene complexes were employed in the derivatization of the 3-OH position of unprotected and protected methyl beta-D-galactopyranosides using two different approaches, giving access to galactopyranosides with an aromatic or cyclohexadienoic functionality in this position. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a recently discovered human apolipoprotein predominantly present in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and in minor proportions in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TGRLP) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The gene encoding apoM is present in all mammalian genomes. The identity of the apoM gene of human, rat and mouse is over 80%. However, the (patho)physiological functions o
For 44 patients with vibration-induced white finger and a reference group of 25 healthy men, finger systolic blood pressure (FSBP) before and after local cooling, skin temperature, and rewarming rates were determined before and after vasodilation (body warming and alcohol). An estimation of the proportions of vasopasm and organic changes was possible, and cutaneous changes could be separated from
The aim of this study was to describe social insurance officers experiences of a work rehabilitation process at a rehabilitation centre in the northern part of Sweden. Ten social insurance officers were interviewed about their experiences of a work rehabilitation process in general. The interviews were analysed by content analyses. The results showed that the experiences of how a rehabilitation pr
Women with a mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 face a lifetime risk of breast cancer of similar to 80%, and following the first diagnosis the 10-year risk of contralateral breast cancer is similar to 30%. It has been shown that both tamoxifen and oophorectomy prevent contralateral breast cancer, but it is not clear whether there is a benefit in giving tamoxifen to women who have previously undergone an o
Several different methods were used to investigate the vesicle-to-micelle transition induced by the addition of the nonionic surfactant octaethylene glycol n-dodecyl monoether (C12E8) to spontaneously formed vesicle dispersions of dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide and chloride (DODAX, X = Cl- and Br-). Dynamic light scattering reveals that fast mode micelles are formed upon addition of C12E6. Th
The authors propose and demonstrate an alternative memory concept in which a storage island is connected to a nanowire containing a stack of nine InAs quantum dots, each separated by thin InP tunnel barriers. Transport through the quantum dot structure is suppressed for a particular biasing window due to misalignment of the energy levels. This leads to hysteresis in the charging/discharging of the
