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Background: This article examines the impact of parental death in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood on male and female age at marriage in the Netherlands in the period 1850–1940. It follows an interdisciplinary approach as it considers explanations based on social and demographic history and evolutionary biology.Objective: We study the classical historical framework in more detail by controlli

Ongoing globalisation combined with the rapid pace of technological change have generated significant growth in economic activities and have improved the welfare and living standards of many people around the world. e opening up of the world economy has also led to unprecedented surges in international trade and has fundamentally transformed the way that goods and services are produced, exchanged

Background: There is a strong and consistent association between IgE sensitization and allergy, wheeze, eczema and food hypersensitivity. These conditions are also found in non-sensitized humans, and sensitization is found among individuals without allergy-related diseases. The aim of this study was to analyse the sensitization profile in a representative sample of the population, and to relate pa

The process of high-order harmonic generation requires laser intensities around 1014 W/cm2, most easily reached with laser pulses of high energy, thus implicitly limiting the repetition rate of attosecond sources. A route towards multi-MHz attosecond sources relies on HHG inside a passive enhancement cavity [1]. Although successfully demonstrated for attosecond pulse trains, the generation of sing

We present post-compression of a TW class laser in a planar hollow waveguide. The viability of the compressed pulses for applications in strong-field physics is demonstrated by generating high-order harmonics in a gas jet.

Total Marrow Irradiation (TMI) with Helical Tomotherapy is a radiotherapy treatment technique that targets bone marrow and sanctuary sites prior to stem cell or bone marrow transplantation (SCT/BMT). TMI is a complex procedure that involves several critical steps that all need to be carefully addressed for a successful implementation, such as dose homogeneity in field junctions, choice of target m

This study demonstrates a method for predicting the dynamic fuel consumption on board ships using automated machine learning algorithms, fed only with data for larger time intervals from 12 hours up to 96 hours. The machine learning algorithm trained on dynamic data from shorter time intervals of the engine features together with longer time interval data for the fuel consumption. To give the oper

Abstract: We study oscillations in quantum cascade lasers due to traveling electric field domains, which are observed both in simulations and experiments. These oscillations occur in a range of negative differential resistance and we clarify the condition determining whether the boundary between domains of different electric field can become stationary. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: s

Phosphatocopids are a group of small extinct marine crustaceans, which occur widespread in Cambrian dysoxic benthic lithofacies. Whereas the anatomy of the earliest ontogenetic stages of phosphatocopids, from the head larva with four pairs of appendages onward, is well documented, that of more advanced or adult growth stages has remained almost unknown (except for the external shields). Here we de

Photoionization with a single photon is one of the fundamental processes in nature, in which one electron is ripped away from its atom. Traditionally studied in the energy domain, this process was believed to be instantaneous, but recent advances in the production of attosecond pulses (1 as 10−18 s) in the eXtreme UltraViolet (XUV) have renewed interest in understanding the temporal aspects of ele

Objectives To compare short-term cardiovascular (CV) outcome in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients without ischaemic heart disease (IHD), with IHD but no prior myocardial infarction (MI), and those with prior MI; and assess the impact on risk of age when initiating first-time glucose-lowering drug (GLD). Design Cohort study linking morbidity, mortality and medication data from Swedish national registr

Low frequency impact sound insulation is a challenging task in wooden buildings. Low frequency prediction tools are needed to access the dynamic behavior of a wooden floor in an early design phase to ultimately reduce the low frequency impact noise. However, due to the complexity of wood and different structural details, accurate vibration predictions of wood structures are difficult to attain. Me

Background: We have previously reported quantitative exposure-response relationships between physical exposures recorded by technical methods, and complaints and diagnoses in the neck/shoulders, and the elbows/hands, based on group data. In the present study the number of workers was doubled, and information on individual factors, and psychosocial working conditions was used. Relationships between

New techniques capable of accessing ultrafast demagnetisation processes on the sub-10 femtosecond timescale are presently in great demand. Achieving a high temporal resolution in pump-probe time-resolved experiments is very important for studying ultrafast processes in matter, providing an ideal platform for understanding interaction mechanisms, such as the spin-orbit coupling, the exchange intera

Background: It has been suggested that smoking is associated with reduced risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, supplementary studies are needed to further investigate any such potential association. Thus, our aim was to examine the relationship between smoking and early or more established knee OA in a cohort of relatively young patients with meniscal tears. Methods: This cross-sectional stu

In this study, we investigate the molecular structural characteristics of organic remains in various cellular organelles from a 180 Ma Jurassic royal fern belonging to the Osmundaceae family of ferns, and compare their carbon isotopic compositions to a now-living species of royal fern (Osmunda regalis). We discovered molecular structural variations indicated by Raman and infrared spectral paramet

The generation of XUV supercontinua is of high interest for different applications in that region of the spectrum, such as spectral interferometry and spectroscopy. In high-order harmonic generation (HHG) supercontinua are usually obtained only when a single attosecond pulse is produced, but this implies gating techniques or sub-3-fs IR driving pulses. In this work we demonstrate a new approach fo