Transplants of fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue are known to contain a mixture of two major dopamine (DA) neuron types: the A9 neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the A10 neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Previous studies have suggested that these two DA neuron types may differ in their growth characteristics, but, because of technical limitations, it has so far b

Schemes for the biosynthetic steps in the formation of the blood group active glycoproteins in secretions postulate that α-Image -fucosyltransferases specified by the Image and Image genes control the addition of Image -fucose to different acceptor sites in a precursor substance to give H, Lea and Leb serologically active structures. 1,2. The presence of 2-, 3- and 4-α-Image -fucosyl-transferases

BACKGROUND: The risk of ischaemic events in asymptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To follow up patients with asymptomatic atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery stenosis (MCAS) to evaluate the long term stroke risk in its territory. METHODS: Consecutive white patients with asymptomatic atherosclerotic MCAS were enrolled. Patients with MCAS of possible or proven non-ather

In RoboCup, all objects in the game are color coded to allow easy segmentation and identification. However, color vision is very sensitive to the exact color of the illumination which makes the identification task much harder than is often anticipated. Algorithms that work in the lab in fluorescent light may not function at all in an actual game where incandescent lights are used. This article is

Previous open-label clinical trials have provided proof of principle that intrastriatal transplants of fetal dopaminergic neurons can induce substantial and long-lasting functional benefits in patients with Parkinson's disease. However, in two recent NIH-sponsored double-blind trials, functional improvements were only marginal and the primary endpoints were not met. Severe off-phase dyskinesias we

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vad säger notbilden? Notation är av central betydelse i västerländsk tonal musik. Repertoarens utsträckning över flera århundraden gör det angeläget att studera hur musikaliskt innehåll medieras genom notation. I denna studie har strategiskt utvalda musikers sätt att ta sig an noterna till tonal musik undersökts. Slutsatser har dragits beträffande notbildens funktionerAbstract Centering on notation is a characteristic of Western tonal music. The printed scores are expected to provide the necessary information on musical expression. In this study, strategically selected contemporary musicians’ ways of under-standing the printed scores are investigated. All participants are thoroughly familiar with musical practice in Western tonal tradition. The intention is to

Stoichiometric Al and W oxide films are prepared with high stability from the metallic state of the cathodes using conventional reactive DC magnetron sputtering on an industrial prototype scale. While for the Al, increased target power is a trivial way to increase growth rates, W oxide sputtering of optically functional films with sufficiently amorphous structure is severely limited by the effect

Popular Abstract in Swedish Tillväxthormon (GH) insöndras stötvis från hypofysen. Insöndringen är som högst nattetid, och de högsta nivåerna ses under puberteten för att därefter avta succecivt med ökande ålder. En av de vanligaste orsakerna till brist på GH är godartade tumörer i hypofys och hypofysnära områden där även behandling med kirurgi och strålbehandling kan bidra till hypofysinsufficiensIn childhood onset growth hormone deficiency (GHD) a reduction in cardiac left ventricular mass (LVMi) and impairment of cardiac systolic function, as well as in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) has been shown. In study I, we showed that a low dose of GH treatment for 10 months resulted in increased LVMi and kidney size. No significant improvement in cardiac systolic function or GFR, except for a

Intramuscular triacylglycerol is an important energy store and is also related to insulin resistance. The mobilization of fatty acids from this pool is probably regulated by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), which has recently been shown to exist in muscle and to be activated by both adrenaline and contractions. Adrenaline acts via cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). The signalling mediating the ef

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this prospective study was to contribute to the evaluation of the reliability of Duplex sonography (DS) before carotid endarterectomy (CEA). DESIGN: The study was performed prospectively in a university hospital setting. METHODS: Eighty-one consecutive patients aged 49-83 years were examined with DS and carotid angiography (CAG) before CEA. The results of the DS were judged

To explore the natural course of beta cell function in recent onset diabetes, a subgroup (n = 157) of all incident cases (n = 879) 15-34 years old. 1992-1993 in Sweden. and with positivity for at least one autoantibody of islet cell antibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) or tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (1A-2A) were followed prospectively thr the first four years with an

Semiconducting InAs and GaAs nano-whiskers have been grown using a chemical beam epitaxy approach in combination with size-selected catalytic Au aerosol particles. The characterization of InAs and GaAs whiskers shows high crystalline quality as seen by transmission electron microscopy. Gate-dependent transport measurements suggests a diffusive electronic transport mechanism. We have also combined

This paper uses trajectory sensitivity analysis to investigate a major disturbance of the Nordel power system which occurred on January 1, 1997. The Nordel system is described, and the details of the disturbance are presented. Background to trajectory sensitivity analysis is also provided. Results of the investigation indicate the usefulness of trajectory sensitivities for exploring the influence

Two-dimensional electrophoresis and modern image analysis systems have made it possible to study protein expression and regulation of proteins in biological systems. Proteins in the molecular mass region of 20-120 kDa are well investigated and described. However, proteins with masses below 20 kDa are the least investigated as they are rarely seen on 2D-PAGE due to fast migrations in the electric f

On the basis of the Agent-action-Objective (AaO) paradigm, it will be shown how the transformation of a word model to a geometric space description can be made the founda¬tion for an approach to informational invariants. In particular, the word model of a Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) has been used for simplifying the involved procedures. Since the explanation of a causal loop requires a verbal descri