A structure determination in combination with a kinetic study of the steroid converting isozyme of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase, SS-ADH, is presented. Kinetic parameters for the substrates, 5β-androstane-3β,17β-ol, 5β-androstane-17β-ol-3-one, ethanol, and various secondary alcohols and the corresponding ketones are compared for the SS- and EE-isozymes which differ by nine amino acid substitut

Exclusively synthesized by normal neutrophil and monocyte precursor cells, myeloperoxidase (MPO) functions not only in host defense by mediating efficient microbial killing but also can contribute to progressive tissue damage in chronic inflammatory states Such as atherosclerosis. The biosynthetic precursor, apoproMPO, is processed slowly in the ER, undergoing cotranslational N-glycosylation, tran

Decorin belongs to the small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycan family, interacts with fibrillar collagens, and regulates the assembly, structure, and biomechanical properties of connective tissues. The decorin-collagen type I-binding region is located in leucine-rich repeats 5–6. Site-directed mutagenesis of this 54-residue-long collagen-binding sequence identifies Arg-207 and Asp-210 in leucine-ri

A potentially important indirect effect of export processing zones (EPZs) is the catalyst effect. The foreign affiliates attracted to the EPZs could stimulate local firms to begin to export by showing them how to produce, market, sell and distribute manufactured goods on the world market. Our results indicate a significant catalyst effect in Malaysia.

Caveolae were isolated from rat lungs by a combination of affinity partitioning and sucrose gradient centrifugation. After homogenization of the lungs directly in a polyethylene glycol–dextran two-phase system and conventional phase partitioning, the polyethylene glycol-rich top phase was affinity partitioned with fresh bottom phase containing dextran-linked wheat-germ agglutinin. The lectin selec

The extractability of phosphorus (P) was studied in an acid, unfertilized soil at an abandoned farm and in 40 different soils from former agricultural fields and pastures. Oxalate/Oxalic acid extraction was compared with a number of other methods in order to evaluate the suitability of oxalate/oxalic acid as a method for extracting P from soil. The extracting efficiency and a rough estimate of the

Possible consequences of the production of small black holes at the LHC for different scenarios with large extra dimensions are investigated. The effects from black hole production on some standard jet observables are examined, concentrating on the reduction of the QCD cross section. It is found that black hole production of partons interacting on a short enough distance indeed seem to generate a

Escherichia coli K1 and Group B Streptococcus (GBS) are the most common bacteria that cause meningitis during the neonatal period. Complement, the first line of defence in the host, acts on these bacteria to opsonize with various components of complement for subsequent presentation to phagocytes. To counteract these opsonization effects, E. coli and GBS bind to the complement regulators C4 binding

The majority of aggressive forms of the childhood tumor neuroblastoma can with current treatment protocols not be cured and possess a major challenge in pediatric oncology. After initial rounds of chemotherapy, surgery and irradiation, which in most cases result in tumor regression, these aggressive neuroblastomas relapse and frequently develop drug resistance. As approximately 50% of the children

Sugarcane bagasse-a residue from sugar and ethanol production from sugar cane-is a potential raw material for lignocellulosic ethanol production. This material is high in xylan content. A prerequisite for bioethanol production from bagasse is therefore that xylose is efficiently fermented to ethanol, In the current study, ethanolic fermentation of steam-pretreated sugarcane bagasse was assessed in

Background: A reason for the digestive problems that often occur around early weaning in piglets could be that the pancreas is not yet fully developed and the enzymes required for degradation of the solid food are not secreted in enough amounts. Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of inducing pancreas maturation with enhanced enzyme secretion. Methods: 10-day-old su

We show that genomic-length DNA molecules imaged in nano-channels have an extension along the channel that scales linearly with the contour length of the polymer, in agreement with the scaling arguments developed by de Gennes for self-avoiding confined polymers. This fundamental relationship allows us to measure directly the contour length of single DNA molecules confined in the channels, and the

We contribute to the rapidly emerging interest in the application of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) for chemical analysis of biological materials by presenting a careful TOF-SIMS investigation of structurally different SiO2-supported phospholipid assemblies. Freeze-dried supported 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayers, Langmuir-Blodgett POPC mo

Although the negative effects of ultraviolet-B ( UV-B) radiation on the development of many amphibian species have been demonstrated, some speciessuch as the common frog ( Rana temporaria)seem to be tolerant of UV-B radiation. The amount of UV-B radiation received is likely to vary among populations of the same species, but little is known about geographic variation in UV-B tolerance. Similarly, a

Objective: To establish whether children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) with signs of pronounced beta-cell-specific autoimmunity as reflected by high autoantibody titers or positivity for several beta-cell-specific autoantibodies show a different pattern of month of birth (MOB) compared with children with T1D and low beta-cell autoimmunity and that of the general population. Research design a

The stratospheric ozone layer has been depleted at high and mid-latitudes as a consequence of man's pollution of the atmosphere, and this results in increasing ultraviolet-B radiation at ground level. We investigate the effects of further radiation increases on plants and ecosystems by irradiating natural sub-Arctic and Arctic vegetation with artificial W-B radiation in field experiments extending

The dic( 7; 9)( p11 similar to 13; p11 similar to 13) is a recurrent chromosomal abnormality in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), mainly of B-lineage. Although more than 20 dic(7; 9)-positive ALLs have been reported to date, the molecular genetic consequences of this aberration are unknown. We performed tiling resolution (32K) genome-wide array-based comparative genomic hybridization ( array CGH