Ungdomar har varit föremål för straffrättslig särbehandling i flera sekel. Den nuvarande särbehandlingen föreskrivs i 29 kap. 7 § BrB och medför att om någon begår brott innan hen fyllt 21 år så ska dennes ungdom särskilt beaktas vid straffmätningen. Detta resulterar i en straffnedsättning, s.k. straffrabatt som minskar i förhållande till ökad ålder. Straffrabatten motiveras utifrån ungdomars brisYoung offenders have been specially treated in Swedish criminal law for centuries. Regulations of today are to be found in 29 kap. 7 § BrB and prescribes that anyone who commits a crime before the age of 21 should receive a reduction of their penalty because of their youth. This results in a so-called “penalty discount” that reduces as the age increase. The reasons for the existence of the penalty

How does democracy affect income inequality? Most would expect democracy to reduce income inequality. There is a general consensus that indeed democratizations in Europe during the nineteenth and early twentieth century did decrease income inequality. More recent democratizations, those countries that democratized during the 1970s-1990s, however, do not seem to have had the same effect. The body o

Det var faktiskt för ungefär 80 år sedan, när matematiker som jobbade med att utveckla kärnvapen myntade begreppet för först gången. I grund och botten, använder Monte Carlo metoder slumpmässiga värden för att lösa problem. I det här projektet är det specifikt integrationsproblem. Under ens matematikstudier, kommer vem som helst med ett litet intresse för matematik att stöta på integraler redan iIntegrals are present everywhere in science, and their computation an emphasis in education. When methods of exact computation fail, a great variety of methods of approximation can step in. This project is interested in the Monte Carlo integration methods, an approach, where the integral is approximated based on the Law of Large Numbers. These methods are compared to the methods of numerical quadr

In the last decades Peru experienced an unprecedented reduction in poverty amid a strong and sustainable economic rebound following structural reforms introduced in the 1990s which paralleled a downtrend in income inequality. Using microdata from the National Survey of Households (ENAHO) this study formally tests the simultaneous role of growth and inequality on poverty outcomes from 2007 to 2019.

In 2018, images of migrant children held in cages and sleeping on concrete floors while being held in immigration detention in the United States shocked the world. Within the framework of the zero tolerance policy on immigration mandated by President Trump, thousands of families have been separated at the border. The trauma borne out of these separations was purposefully capitalized upon to serve

The Canadian Arctic currently faces changing coastlines due isostatic rebound and climate change-driven sea-levels rising. This thesis seeks to answer how local coastlines will change over time under different Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios, where errors in modelled coastlines come from, and how much of an impact isostatic rebound has on sea-levels compared to climate-change

Consumers are becoming interested in oats as a healthy food. Several studies have investigated the impact of oats components on human metabolism. The purpose of this project is to study the influence of oat polar lipids on human cardiometabolic variables, which focused on four cardiometabolic variables, these were postprandial responses of glucose, insulin, cortisol, and subjective appetite variab

The Covid-19 pandemic moved work from the office to the home, rapidly creating a new working life where remote work became the new normal. In times of change, leadership becomes important, and the managers have to take big responsibility in guiding during new uncertain situations. This thesis aims to explore how first line managers make sense and handle their practice in the new context created by

In nuclear physics, spontaneous fission halflives are central in many areas, such as the study of superheavy nuclei and astrophysical nucleosynthesis. In this thesis, a new method for obtaining spontaneous fission halflives from collective coordinate energy landscapes is proposed, tested, and compared to experimental results. The new method uses the Rayleigh quotient iteration to find the time de

The global COVID-19 pandemic is having tremendous adverse effects on human well-being and the tourism industry, revealing its high vulnerability, and putting the current system into question. A promising more sustainable tourism concept constitutes ecotourism albeit its impacts on residents’ well-being remain unexplored. Addressing this research gap, a qualitative in-field case study was conducted

In the near future, electric vehicle battery waste will rapidly increase as a result of the growth of electrification of road transport. To address this challenge, repurposing of used EV batteries for a second-life application has gained more attention from battery-related stakeholders, such as manufacturers, recyclers, policymakers, etc. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to review current cha

Planerar du att bygga ett gemensamt avlopp med grannarna? Då ska du se upp med utförandetiden. De senaste åren har antalet gemensamhetsanläggningar som behöver avregistreras ökat och den tveklöst vanligaste anledningen är att anläggningen inte färdigställts inom den beslutade tiden för utförande. Att en gemensamhetsanläggning, en gemensamt bildad anläggning bildad för flera fastigheter, exempelviWhen a joint facility is not constructed on time or the payment for the compulsory purchase is absent the joint facility can be de-registered. This topic has not been studied before and the aim of this study is to evaluate how common de-registrations are and to understand what we can learn from practical cases. The study researches the present and historically legislation through a systematic revi

The fermented tea beverage kombucha is a traditional drink that has been consumed for thousands of years in Asia. Over the past decades, it has gained greatly in popularity amongst consumers and researchers also in the rest of the world. Kombucha is produced through fermentation of sweetened tea by a complex community of bacteria, mainly dominated by acetic acid bacteria, and a variety of yeast. D

Allmänhetens åsikter och kunskap om blågröna lösningar Vad tycker de boende i ett lundensiskt bostadsområde om de blågröna lösningar som implementerats där, och förstår de vad lösningarna är till för? Har planerarna bakom projektet valt rätt lösningar att implementera? Nedan kommer en sammanfattning av studien som svarar på dessa frågor. På grund av klimatförändringarna kommer nederbörden i SveDue to the changing climate, rainfall in Sweden is expected to increase with about 20%-25% during this century which means that there is a need for climate adaptation to mitigate the problems that follow heavy rainfall. A way to climate adapt cities is by implementing bluegreen solutions. This study is about a system of blue-green solutions in a residential area in Lund. The system consists of fi

A system for affective touch has been constructed, in a study of humanoid and social robotics. The system detects, processes and analyses signals from touch, identifies touch types, and provides a corresponding emotional response and expression. Touch is detected on an Epi humanoid robot head through the use of conductive paint on the inside on the head shell, and the electrical signal produced is

Byggbranschen står för 33% av Sveriges årliga energianvändning. Genom att göra nödvändiga förändringar så som att renovera befintliga byggnader på ett miljösmart sätt kan energi- och miljöbesparingar göras med mer eller mindre enkla medel. I denna studie, som initierades av Trelleborgs Energi AB, undersöktes hur deras kontorsbyggnad kunde bli så innovativ, hållbar och energieffektiv som möjligt. SThe construction industry is responsible for 33% of Sweden’s annual energy consumption. Important environmental and energy savings can be done by renovating already existing buildings with a climate smart mindset. This study was executed on behalf of Trelleborg Energi AB to investigate how their office building can become as innovative, sustainable and energy efficient as possible. The study was a

The stock market has come to play a larger role in many people's lives as years pass and its accessibility has come to be exponentially easier for many. Investment in publicly listed companies has become a foundation of saving and a way of managing wealth for the general public. Even though the stock market permeates many of our daily lives and is heavily monitored and regulated, there is stil

As the population is growing and planetary boundaries are being strained, the agro-food industry is facing major challenges. Previous research has proposed the innovation of vertical farming (VF) as a potential solution. This study contributes to the existing VF literature with an examination of the opportunities and obstacles for the implementation and upscaling of VF in Sweden. The VF industry i

Companies engaged in Corporate Venture Capital (CVC) continuously scour the globe for new opportunities to grow beyond their current geographic boundaries. However, different regions of the world have various monitoring, governance, and value-adding principles. CVCs should be aware of these variations. Human capital is culturally unique to a company and a potential critical determinant in CVC stra

Är de stora företagens klimatambitioner tillräckliga för att vi ska kunna nå 1,5°C målet? 2015 skapades Parisavtalet, där världens länder sammanslutet bestämde sig för att hålla uppvärmningen från klimatförändringarna långt under 2°C, med intentioner att hålla uppvärmningen under 1,5°C. Världens företag beräknas enligt ett flertal aktörer stå för den större andelen av världens utsläpp, ett exempel2015 the Paris Agreement was negotiated, where the worlds nations agreed to keep the heating of the climate changes far below 2°C, with intentions to keep it under 1,5°C. This work studied the 105 largest Swedish companies listed on the stock exchange, their climate mitigation goals and whether they are in compliance with the 1,5°C target. The reason why this thesis is limited to 105 companies is