Sex chromosomes are chromosomes that carry vital sex-determining genes. Different sex determination systems and sex chromosomes have evolved from autosomes independently in different taxa; nevertheless, they share strikingly similar characteristics. Sex chromosomes undergo somewhat unique evolutionary processes due to paucity in recombination and transmission through only one of the sexes. As a re

Use of wholegrain foods has shown importance in terms of prevention of obesity and related comorbidities. Positive metabolic effects of wholegrain barley have been investigated with this regard. In the same line of research, this study aims to investigate the effects of barley kernel bread on glucose regulation, appetite and colonic fermentation in middle aged subjects. A randomized control trial

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with neither a known cause nor an available cure. With disease progression, toxic protein aggregates form in the brain, leading to the loss of the upper and lower motor neurons. While circulating bone marrow-derived inflammatory cells have not been shown to cross the blood brain barrier, changes in their number and comp

A proteomic approach to study the molecular processes of a novel putative zinc binding protein in erythropoiesis We have around 6 liters of blood in our body: each of them contain around 6 billion red blood cells, which travel around the 96.000km of blood vessels of our body. Blood contains many different types of cells, which play key roles for us. For example, Red Blood Cells (RBCs) are the on

Bakteriers kidnappning av mänskligt protein för att ta sig igenom vävnad För att sår och vävnadsskador ska läka behöver kroppen kunna bryta ner gammal vävnad för att göra plats åt nya celler, en process som även är viktig för barns bentillväxt. Detta komplexa system styrs av en typ av proteiner som är strikt reglerade men obalans i regleringen kan leda till cancer samt andra sjukdomar som hjärt-

Brain Inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease Nowadays, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia worldwide but still is not well understood how is the disease developed. However, there are few known factors that are important in the progression of the disease. In the last decade, the role of the inflammatory cells has been clearly link to the pathology. Hence, the aim of our project is

Aims/hypothesis The aims of this project was to investigate the effect of glucolipotoxic treatment on DNA methylation and gene expression patterns in pancreatic islets and functionally test if and how these changes alter insulin secretion. Methods Genome-wide mRNA expression and DNA methylation patterns were analyzed in human pancreatic islets after control or glucolipotoxic treatment. Alterations

Hur kan cellers försvarsmekanismer hjälpa oss förstå Parkinsons sjukdom? Parkinsons sjukdom är den andra mest vanliga neurodegenerativa sjukdomen i världen, och under sjukdomens gång dör allt fler hjärnceller vilket leder till svårigheter för hjärnan. När fler och fler celler försvinner, får hjärnan problem att kontrollera de signaler som den skickar ut till kroppen, vilket leder till symptom somParkinson’s disease (PD) is a movement disorder of the brain which is hallmarked by the presence of large protein-rich cytoplasmic aggregates, called Lewy bodies (LBs), in the neurons. The protein α-synuclein (α-syn) is abundant in these aggregates, and can itself form aggregates. Several mutations linked to α-syn are also linked to an increased risk of contracting PD. In healthy neurons, the chap

The question of whether the choice of performance measure (PM) matters when evaluating Hedge funds has for a long time been subject to debate . This study explores the same question with a sample of individual monthly data from 669 Hedge Funds over a 10 year period. The standard rank correlation tests usually applied when studying the topic yield weaker correlations between the PM:s in our study t

This thesis sets out to evaluate a risk-managed momentum strategy in the European stock market. The recent performance of momentum in Europe is first evaluated. A momentum premium still exists in Europe but the strategy suffered large losses in 2009. A risk-managed momentum portfolio is created by dynamically scaling the exposure to momentum based on a monthly volatility forecast. The risk-managed

p33 as a potential novel therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases Inflammation is a condition usually triggered by infection of invading pathogens such as bacteria or viruses in the body. This invasion is quickly recognized by specific receptors localized on the membrane of cells, ready to sense these so called “danger” signals or foreign material. These receptors are part of the innate immuni

This study utilizes Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to gain an in-depth understanding of transgender individuals’ transition experiences and thoughts regarding the diagnostic classification of Gender Dysphoria issued by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and Transsexualism issued by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). The study focused up

Cooking with culinary spices shows health benefits Every time we eat a meal, our body will turn into a post-meal state and face a lot of challenges induced by the food intake. These challenges include blood glucose spikes, triggered inflammation and increased total cholesterol concentrations. If these challenges happen too many times a day and reach an abnormal level, then there is a risk of deve

How are penicillin-binding proteins sorted in cells? A bacterial cell wall can be regarded as a brick building, in which the bricks and the cement hold the building together, provide structure for the building, protect its contents, and allow only certain substances to enter. Many antibiotics target proteins that function in cell wall morphogenesis (the process of building the brick wall in this

Investigating the role of mitochondrial damage in a Tuberculosis infection Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant health risk that was responsible for 10.4 million infections and 1.8 million deaths in the year 2015 alone. The causative agent for TB is Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which is an intra-cellular bacterium that primarily replicates within the white blood cell called the macrophage. To

Från ett nytt perspektiv Influencer marketing beskriver marknadsföringstekniken då företag använder inflytelserika och kända personer för att effektivt sprida ett budskap. Inom influencer marketing verkar de budskapspridande individerna, influencers, på de digitala plattformar som kallas sociala medier, däribland forum som Instagram, Facebook och Snapchat. Inom influencer marketing finns två parteFrom a new perspective Influencer Marketing describes a marketing technique where companies are using influential and well-known people to effectively spread a message. Through influencer marketing the message-spreading individuals, influencers, appear on the digital platforms known as social media, including forums such as Instagram, Facebook and Snapchat. Within influencer marketing there are tw

Vetenskapliga artiklar föreslår att xylan är delvis bundet till proteinerna i dulse. Detta kan leda till minskad tillgänglighet av proteinerna och leda till svårigheter att smälta dessa i tarmen. Denna rapport har för avsikt att hitta och optimera metoder för extraktion av proteiner och metoder för att separera de proteiner och polysackarider som förekommer i dulse. Metoderna som används är hydrolSeaweed has a great potential within human food and animal feed industry. Palmaria palmata (P. palmata) or more commonly dulse, is a type of red seaweed which has a high protein content (8-35%), rich in minerals such as iodine and iron and contain high levels of dietary fibers. The main polysaccharide in dulse is xylan. It has been suggested that the xylans are linked to the proteins in the seawee

In scanning probe microscopy the properties of the tip is crucial in determining which information that can be obtained from the resulting images and spectroscopy. Ordinarily metal tips are used for scanning, however by using semiconducting nanowires as tips one would have very well defined probes with more advanced possibilities for spectroscopic measurements. However, currently creating such hig

Vilket protein vaktar arvsmassan bäst? Osteosarkoma är den mest förekommande elakartade bentumören. Den drabbar unga under 25 år och framförallt när de når puberteten. Tekniska framsteg och aggressiv behandling inom tumörsjukdomar har gjort att vi idag har en förväntad överlevnad på ungefär 60-70 % , en siffra som kan och måste förbättras. Det är viktigt att forskningen trappas upp så att alla ba

Syftet med rapporten är att undersöka om det finns statistiskt signifikanta skillnader för fyra sjukdomstyper mellan de 21 landstingen i Sverige. I Sverige eftersträvas vård på lika villkor, detta är däremot svårt att åstadkomma. För att kunna redogöra skillnader mellan landstingen måste det tas hänsyn till 'case-mix'. Detta betyder att de olika landstingen inkludera ett olikt antal patien