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To trill or not to trill? Territorial response to a heterospecific vocal trait in male collared doves, Streptopelia decaocto

Responding of individuals outside the conspecific range has been largely explained by biases in sensory or cognitive systems toward particular traits or trait values. More recently, it has been shown that such responses might occur if individuals still respond to signal traits that have been lost over time. However, empirical evidence remains scarce. We report a case supporting the latter mechanis

An Integrated System-On-Chip Test Framework

In this paper we propose a framework for the testing of system-on-chip (SOC), which includes a set of design algorithms to deal with test scheduling, test access mechanism design, test sets selection, test parallelization, and test resource placement. The approach minimizes the test application time and the cost of the test access mechanism while considering constraints on tests, power consumption

Direct assessment of microbial colonisation in damp houses by chemical marker analysis

Ergosterol was used as a marker of fungal biomass and 3-hydroxy fatty acids were used as markers of bacterial endotoxin to determine microbial colonisation of building materials by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Pieces (0.3-0.5 g) of materials from two water-damaged buildings were hydrolysed to liberate the markers from larger microbial structures; the preparations were then purified, deriv

Structural consequences of neopullulanase mutations

Bacillus stearothermophilus neopullulanase (NPL) structure was modeled based on Aspergillus oryzae alpha-amylase (TAA) to understand the structure-function relationships of this pullulan hydrolyzing enzyme. The NPL structure seems to consist of a central (alpha/beta)(8) barrel to which the other domains are attached. The immediate surroundings of the NPL catalytic site were found to have very simi

Ultrasound examination of soft tissue injury of the lower limb in athletes

We performed ultrasonography on 32 athletes complaining of intense pain in a swollen and tender thigh or calf after a contusion or stretching trauma. The ultrasonogram was used to visualize the presence and size of a suspected hematoma. The findings included the following: 7 patients with a circumscribed, anechoic lesion compatible with a liquefied hematoma; 10 patients with a circumscribed lesion

C(2)-ceramide influences the expression and insulin-mediated regulation of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 3B and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3B plays an important role in the antilipolytic action of insulin and, thereby, the release of fatty acids from adipocytes. Increased concentrations of circulating fatty acids as a result of elevated or unrestrained lipolysis cause insulin resistance. The lipolytic action of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is thought to be one of the mechanisms by which

Structure and expression of the human cystatin C gene

The structural organization of the gene for the human cysteine-proteinase inhibitor cystatin C was studied. Restriction-endonuclease digests of human genomic DNA hybridized with human cystatin C cDNA and genomic probes produced patterns consistent with a single cystatin C gene and, also, the presence of six closely related sequences in the human genome. A 30 kb restriction map covering the genomic

Human papilloma virus in skin, mouth and uterine cervix in female renal transplant recipients with or without a history of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Some human papilloma viruses are thought to be associated with skin cancer. In this pilot study, 21 female renal transplant carriers, 10 with a history of skin squamous cell carcinoma and 11 without, together with 9 age-matched healthy women were investigated for human papilloma virus DNA in sun-exposed (forehead) and less sun-exposed (buttock) skin, mouth and uterine cervix. Paraffin-embedded tum

Profiling of internalizing tumor-associated antigens on breast and pancreatic cancer cells by reversed genomics

Human antibodies directed towards functionally associated tumor antigens have great potentials as adjuvant treatment in cancer therapy. Here we describe an efficient subtractive approach to select single chain Fv (scFv) antibodies, specifically binding to unknown rapidly internalizing tumor-associated antigens (TAA) on human breast and pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. After re-engineering the scFv

Patients with laxity of the distal radioulnar joint after distal radial fractures have impaired function, but no loss of strength

Laxity of the distal radioulnar (DRU) joint after distal radial fractures has a worse general outcome in patients before the usual age for development of osteoporosis. The hypothesis for this study was that patients with laxity also have less strength during supination and pronation. An apparatus for measuring strength in supination and pronation was constructed and validated. 20 patients were cho

A simple and effective procedure for the refinement of surface structure in LEED

A simple and effective procedure is described for the determination of the best-fit parameters of a given model of a surface structure by analysis of low energy electron diffraction (LEED) intensities. The procedure involves a nonlinear minimisation of chi(2) for the comparison of experimental and calculated intensities as a function of the parameters of the model structure. The minimisation is ca