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Abstract in Undetermined We present an efficient method for importance sampling the product of multiple functions. Our algorithm computes a quick approximation of the product on the fly, based on hierarchical representations of the local maxima and averages of the individual terms. Samples are generated by exploiting the hierarchical properties of many low-discrepancy sequences, and thresholded ag
Popular Abstract in Swedish Cystisk Fibros Cystisk Fibros (CF) är en relativt vanlig ärftlig sjukdom. Ungefär 1/37 personer i Sverige bär på anlag till CF, men bärare har inga symptom och vet därför inte att de har anlagen. För att få sjukdomen måste fostret få två anlag, ett från vardera föräldern, vilket är 25% risk vid varje graviditet för föräldrapar där båda är bärare. CF är en dödlig sjukdomCystic Fibrosis (CF) is a severe hereditary disorder leading to progressive deterioration of lung function and death. This thesis describes the demography of CF in Sweden, its treatment, with special reference to physiotherapy, and its effects on lung function and peak working capacity (PWC). The study is based on Swedish CF patients and evaluates our current CF treatment package, which differs fr
The production cross section of electrons from semileptonic decays of beauty hadrons was measured at mid-rapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.8) in, the transverse momentum range 1 < p(T) < 8 GeV/c with the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC in pp collisions at a center of mass energy root s = 7 TeV using an integrated luminosity of 2.2 nb(-1). Electrons from beauty hadron decays were selected
Objectives To assess the consultation prevalence of musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions as presented in different healthcare systems, and to determine the feasibility of comparing prevalence figures between nations. Methods The settings were an English regional database (Consultations in Primary Care Archive (CiPCA)) and the Swedish Skane County Health Care Register. Case definitions, data extraction
Recension av Staffan Thorsell, Warszawasvenskarna : De som lät världen veta.
In the past decade, the literature on transitions toward sustainable socio-technical systems has made a considerable contribution in understanding the complex and multi-dimensional shifts considered necessary to adapt societies and economies to sustainable modes of production and consumption. However, transition analyses have often neglected where transitions take place, and the spatial configurat
Introduction: Cadmium (Cd) is toxic to the kidney and a major part of the body burden occurs here. Cd in urine (U-Cd) and blood (B-Cd) are widely-used biomarkers for assessing Cd exposure or body burden. However, empirical general population data on the relationship between Cd in kidney (K-Cd), urine, and blood are scarce. Our objectives were to determine the relationship between cadmium in kidney
Background: A better understanding of the factors that influence mammography screening attendance is needed to improve the effectiveness of these screening programs. The objective of the study was to examine whether psychosocial factors predicted attendance at a population-based invitational mammography screening program. Methods: Data on cohabitation, social network/support, sense of control, and
The effect of evolutionary changes in traits and phenotypic/genetic diversity on ecological dynamics has received much theoretical attention; however, the mechanisms and ecological consequences are usually unknown. Female-limited colour polymorphism in damselflies is a counter-adaptation to male mating harassment, and thus, is expected to alter population dynamics through relaxing sexual conflict.
We report on growth and characterization of wurtzite InP-In1-xGaxAs core-shell nanowire heterostructures. A range of nanowire structures with different Ga concentration in the shell was characterized with transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. We found that the main part of the nanowires has a pure wurtzite crystal structure, with occasional stacking faults occurring only at the t
A. Pleijel has proved that in the case of the Laplacian on the square with Neumann condition, the equality in the Courant nodal theorem (Courant sharp situation) can only be true for a finite number of eigenvalues. We identify five Courant sharp eigenvalues for the Neumann Laplacian in the square, and prove that there are no other cases.
Purpose: In a prospective study, we assessed if a diagnosis of osteoporosis and periodontitis could predict hip and hand fractures in older persons. Materials and methods: Bone density was assessed by a Densitometer. Periodontitis was defined by evidence of alveolar bone loss. Results: 788 Caucasians (52.4% women, overall mean age: 76 years, S.D. +/- 9.0, range: 62 to 96) were enrolled and 7.4% ha
A recent nonrandomized pilot trial showed that hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients with genotype 2/3 and rapid virological response (RVR) had a 90% sustained virological response (SVR) rate after 14 weeks of treatment. We aimed to assess this concept in a randomized controlled trial. In the trial, 428 treatment-naive HCV RNA-positive patients with genotype 2 or 3 were enrolled. Patients with RVR were
A chapter in "Fokus 10 En anlys av ungas inflytande" published by the Swedish National board for Youth affairs. The chapter presents possibilities and challenges for excluded and marginalised youths participation and influence in society as well as hindrances towards being actors in their own lives.
Background: Disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow of patients with breast cancer have been identified as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with non-metastatic disease. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the presence and prognostic value of DTCs in the bone marrow of female patients with primary breast cancer. Methods: Between 1999 and 2003, bone marrow aspi
The concept of neutrophil activation and degranulation as important contributors to disease pathology in invasive group A streptococcal infections has recently been emphasized. This study focuses on two of the most severe streptococcal manifestations, toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis, and the newly described proinflammatory molecule resistin, known to derive from adipocytes and monoc
Surgery or radiation therapy remain the standard curative treatments for newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients. Nonetheless, these aggressive treatments are associated with decreased quality of life with altered sexual and urinary functions. The objective was a systematic review of active surveillance protocols to investigate the role of histopathology and molecular markers in the active survei
Background: The objective was to understand patients' views of treatment after acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and their reasons for deciding to request surgery despite consenting to participate in a randomised controlled trial (to 'cross-over'). Methods: Thirty-four in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with young (aged 18-35), physically active individuals with ACL ruptur
Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Felaktig DNA-reparation av typen mismatch repair (MMR) uppkommer i 15-17% av cancer i tjock- och ändtarm (kolorektalcancer). MMR defekter är av betydelse i tre situationer: • MMR defekta tumörer har en bättre prognos än övrig tjock- och ändtarmscancer, vilket kan användas för att avgöra huruvida en patient skall erbjudas sk. adjuvant Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency is carcinogenic and can either have somatic/sporadic causes (i.e. epigenetic silencing or somatic inactivation) or hereditary causes (Lynch syndrome due to a germline mutation in one of the MMR genes ¬- MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2). The identification of MMR defective colon cancer is clinically relevant for diagnostic, prognostic and potentially also for treatment-predi
We present a comprehensive picture of how X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the O 1s edge, supported by ob initio calculations, can be used to address the electronic properties of the conduction band edges of transition metal oxides. The compounds studied in order to illustrate the method are two of the most versatile transition metal oxides, ZrO2 and TiO2. Special attention is paid to the su
