Varje medlemsstat har förbehållit sig rätten att lagstifta inom rättsområdet direkt beskattning. Det medför att medlemsstaterna är skatterättsligt suveräna och att gemensamma EU-beslut kan fattas inom detta rättsområde, under särskilda omständigheter. Trots detta har EU-domstolen sedan ca 30 år tillbaka, avkunnat domar som berör frågor huruvida regler inom den direkta beskattningens område är föreOver the years it has become clear that the Court of Justice of the European Union may, despite the principle of fiscal sovereignty rule on the compatibility of domestic tax measures belonging to the field of direct taxation, with the fundamental freedoms. Truthfully, the compatibility assessment is found much earlier in other fields of law. The last step of the methodology used by the Court encom

Uppsatsen behandlar i huvudsak kreditvärderingsinstitutens roll på de globala finansmarknaderna, regleringen av deras verksamhet samt hur lagstiftarens inkorporering av kreditbetyg har påverkat det finansiella systemet. Med gällande rättsläge presenterat, kulminerar uppsatsen i en analys av ändamålsenligheten av nuvarande lagstiftning. Frågeställningens relevans följer av den kvasi-officiella stäThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate the role of credit rating agencies in the global financial markets, the regulation of their business and how the incorporation of credit ratings into regulatory frameworks has affected the financial system. After presenting the current law, the thesis culminates in an analysis of the effectiveness of the current regulatory framework. The relevance of

Globalization is an increasingly pervasive factor in the economy, and due to the increasingly international market and competition, it is becoming progressively difficult for firms in traditional, mature industries in high-wage countries to remain competitive. This thesis highlights the case of the Småland-Blekinge region that is performing paradoxically well, largely due to a manufacturing indust

Denna rapport ämnar att visa hur tjänster byggda på öppen källkod är ett bättre alternativ ur en informationssäkerhetsaspekt än stängd källkod. Genom intervjuer med branschaktiva tillsammans med teoristudier inom ämnet informationssäkerhet - samt artiklar om säkerhet inom specifikt öppen källkod - har vi kunnat visa på hur det är ett bättre alternativ än stängd källkod. Det har visat sig att d

The focal point of this thesis is the peacebuilding environment in Nepal following the end of the civil war in 2006. A fieldwork investigation was conducted focusing on the perceptions of inhabitants of Kathmandu on peace and peacebuilding issues using semi-structured interviews. By investigating these perceptions the study seeks to answer three main questions: -How can the contrasting perspecti

Studien analyserar intermediala aspekter i David Mitchells roman Cloud Atlas (2004) med bakgrund av Lars Elleströms mediebegrepp och Werner Wolfs intrakompositionella intermedialitetsbegrepp. Frågeställningen är: Hur kommer den intrakompositionella intermedialiteten till uttryck och hur är den meningsskapande samt ger kohesion till den fragmentariska romanen Cloud Atlas? Intermediala imitationer

Although Sweden is a relative small state by comparison they have participated in a large number of military interventions through out the past decades. This study investigates the motives and forces that drive Sweden to participate in this controversial activity. The study will use a theoretical approach from an international relations perspective to analyze three different cases. The basis for t

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze a PPP in regards to shared val-ue and organizational effects. Methodology: A deductive, qualitative, case study approach is used to explore the answer to the research question. Data is collected from a single case, through eight semi-structured in-terviews and a survey. Theoretical frame of reference: An integrated model, based on a lit

Context. With the goal to accurately map about a billion of the Milky Way stars, the astrometric satellite Gaia was launched in December 2013. Its high precision and sensitivity will lead to better understanding of the Galactic structure and evolution. Also, it will be possible to probe the matter distribution in the Galaxy. Aims. To study how well the Galactic matter distribution can be determin

Möjligheterna och friheten att styra över sitt arbete i form av tid och rum kan uppfattas som lockande och positiva. Det gränslösa arbetet har också en annan sida, svårigheterna att själv avgöra när, var och hur mycket som ska arbetas. Denna studie syftar till att bättre förstå hur unga akademiker som arbetar inom ett arbete som kan definieras som gränslöst, uppfattar sitt gränslösa arbete. I stud

Med en genusteoretisk utgångspunkt kring genussystem, politisk organisering och backlash undersöker denna uppsats hur European Women's Lobby har bedrivit sin kampanj inför Europaparlamentsvalet 2014, en kampanj med syfte att förändra och förbättra jämställdhetspolitiken inom den Europeiska Unionens institutioner. Kombinationen av hermeneutisk och narrativ metod har fungerat som ett verktyg i a

Energy security and climate change are prime political concerns in the European Union. The main instrument to combat climate change through reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the EU is the EUETS, a cap and trade system. This thesis investigates in a case study the question of how the EUETS potentially impacts European energy security. In order to analyze potential impacts, this study operational

Today's fishery policies and development strategies form a global wave of enclosures. They displace small-scale fisher peoples and fishing communities from the fisheries and localities their livelihoods and cultures depend upon. With a case study at Lake Victoria Uganda this thesis investigates the role of capitalist rationales in this development. Theories on socio-cultural processes behind e

In this qualitative study the author examines the United Nations security council and its possibilities to reform, with help of George Tsebelis theory regarding veto players. The application of the veto player theory gives the ability to measure the policystability, the extent of ability to change policy, when adding more players to a political institution. The study is based on the United Nations

To defend a market, the acting firms need defence strategies. The eight Arctic States have all published their own national strategic document for the Arctic region. In the Strategies they describe how they will act in this Arctic market. The Arctic is an area undergoing a change. With the last decades of melting ices as a result of the increased global warming, the Arctic is a more available regi

This thesis investigate the European Union’s ’Global Approach to Migration and Mobility (GAMM) in the Mediterranean Sea. The core of GAMM is it to create partnerships with the countries of the southern Mediterranean Sea for the purpose of a secure environment for regular migration and mobility. This thesis analyse the core ideas of security in GAMM through a comparison of ideal types of national s

Current research shows that the number of workless people living in social housing is disproportionately high in comparison to other housing tenures. The aim of the Thesis is to examine the pathways into work available to social housing tenants, to better understand the phenomena of worklessness. Our object of study is that of residents within a social housing neighbourhood in Pennywell. A case st