Background: The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the most important measure of kidney function and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aims to validate commonly used equations for estimated GFR (eGFR) based on creatinine (cr), cystatin C (cys), β-trace protein (BTP), and β2-microglobulin (B2M) in older adults. Method: We conducted a validation study with 126 participants aged between 72 an

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a complex stroke subtype characterized by an initial brain injury, followed by delayed cerebrovascular constriction and ischemia. Current therapeutic strategies nonselectively curtail exacerbated cerebrovascular constriction, which necessarily disrupts the essential and protective process of cerebral blood flow autoregulation. This study ide

BACKGROUND: Stress-related health problems (e.g., work-related exhaustion) are a societal concern in many postindustrial countries. Experience suggests that early detection and intervention are crucial in preventing long-term negative consequences. In the present study, we benchmark a new tool for early identification of work-related exhaustion-the Lund University Checklist for Incipient Exhaustio

This paper draws on two experiences of undertaking comparative research in England,Sweden and Italy, and offers a discussion of the kinds of dilemmas raised in relation tolanguage and meaning surfaced by these. Its primary focus is to examine the reflexiveconstruction of meaning, both in relation generally to the workings of an internationalresearch team and, more specifically, how such constructiThis paper draws on two experiences of undertaking comparative research in England, Sweden and Italy, and offers a discussion of the kinds of dilemmas raised in relation to language and meaning surfaced by these. Its primary focus is to examine the reflexive construction of meaning, both in relation generally to the workings of an international research team and, more specifically, how such constr

Laminar burning velocities, SL, of benzene + air flames were determined at atmospheric pressure and initial gas temperatures, T, of 298, 318, 338 and 358 K. Non-stretched flames were stabilized on a perforated plate burner using the heat flux method. New measurements were compared with available literature results obtained in spherical and counterflow flames at room and elevated temperatures. Data

The extreme soil conditions in metalliferous mine soils have a negative influence on soil biological activity. Therefore, amendments are often used to improve soil quality and activate microbial communities. In order to elucidate some of the factors controlling microbial growth and community structure after application of amendments in acid mine soils, we performed an incubation experiment with fo

How do we perceive object motion during self-motion using visual information alone? Previous studies have reported that the visual system can use optic flow to identify and globally subtract the retinal motion component resulting from self-motion to recover scene-relative object motion, a process called flow parsing. In this article, we developed a retinal motion nulling method to directly measure

The British philosopher F. C. S. Schiller (1864–1937) was a leading pragmatist in the early twentieth century. His critiques of formal logic and his attempts to construct a humanist logic, derived from an anti-foundationalist humanism, are recognized as lasting philosophical achievements. But scholars have failed to consider that Schiller was passionately committed to the British eugenics movement

The possibility to engineer nanowire heterostructures with large bandgap variations is particularly interesting for technologically important broadband photodetector applications. Here we report on a combined study of design, fabrication, and optoelectronic properties of infrared photodetectors comprising four million n+–i–n+ InP nanowires periodically ordered in arrays. The nanowires were grown b

A novel sparse coding framework with unity range codes and the possibility to produce a discriminative dictionary is presented. The framework is, in contrast to many other works, able to handle unsupervised, supervised and semi-supervised settings. Furthermore, codes are constrained to be in unity range, which is beneficial in many scenarios. The paper presents the framework and solvers used to pr

Increased expression of Bim, a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, has been shown to be critical for neuronal apoptosis. To study the involvement of Bim in injury-induced cell death in retina, Bim expression was studied in normal rat retina and in retina after optic nerve transection using quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. As a complement to this, the apoptotic regulators Bax, Bc

It is now well established that the source ofoxygen in photosynthesis is water. The earliest suggestionpreviously known to us had come from Rene´ BernardWurmser (1930). Here, we highlight an earlier report byMonsieur De Fourcroy (1787), who had already discussedthe broad outlines of such a hypothesis in a book onChemistry written for women. We present here a freetranslation of a passage from this

Landscape simplification and habitat fragmentation may cause severe declines of less mobile and habitat specialist species and lead to biotic homogenization of species communities, but large-scale empirical evidence on biotic homogenization remains sparse. We sampled butterfly and day-active geometrid moth communities within 134 differently fragmented landscapes in Finland situated in five geograp

Compared with other industries, agriculture is the most dangerous branch in Sweden. In 2004,at least one injury occurred on 8% of Swedish farms that resulted in body impairments andconstituted obstacle at work. Beside the injuries that occured on the farms farmers also areinvolved in incidents with tractors and other slow-moving vehicles (SMVs) on the roadsoutside the farms.