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All-trans retinoic acid deficiency resulting from ethanol's interference with the synthesis of all-trans retinoic acid from retinol was recently suggested to cause the malformations of the fetal alcohol syndrome. Phenytoin, carbamazepine and valproate, might be teratogenic because they lower the concentration of all-trans retinoic acid in serum, by inducing the enzyme systems in the liver responsi

This thesis is divided into two separate parts. The first part is about Dynamic Programming for non-trivial optimal control problems. The second part introduces some useful tools for analysis of stability and performance of systems with time-varying delays. The two papers presented in the first part attacks optimal control problems with finite but rapidly increasing search space. In the first pap

A feed control strategy, based on estimated sugar concentrations, was developed with the purpose of avoiding severe inhibition of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae during fermentation of spruce hydrolyzate. The sum of the fermentable hexose sugars, glucose and mannose, was estimated from on-line measurements of carbon dioxide evolution rate and biomass concentration by use of a simple stoichiomet

Branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from the nasopharynx in 55% of 40 noncompromised adult patients suffering from acute laryngitis. Diplococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae were found in another 5 and 8%, respectively; one patient had group A streptococci in the throat specimen. In 90% of the patients the laryngitis complaints were preceded by symptoms of an acute respiratory tract infe

The ECL cells in the oxyntic mucosa secrete histamine in response to gastrin, stimulating parietal cells to produce acid. Do they also operate under nervous control? The present study examines histamine mobilization from rat stomach ECL cells in situ in response to acute vagal excitation and to food or gastrin following vagal or sympathetic denervation. Applying the technique of microdialysis, we

This article highlights the old wisdom that technology is socially constructed. By using examples from a study of how German machinery manu-facturing firms and North American user industries act and think while developing and implementing advanced technology, and reflecting on these examples to elucidate Swedish manufacturing culture, the study highlights how knowledge about industrial behaviour c

Objective: To investigate the role of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) for the prediction of radiological outcome in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Anti-CCP was assessed at baseline in 379 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis ( disease duration <1 year). Radiological joint damage and progression were assessed by Larsen score after two years of follow up

Rapporten behandlar politiska åtgärder för att miljöanpassa batterier, så att läckage av bland annat kvicksilver och kadmium till naturen kan förhindras. Olika typer av styrmedel såsom lagstiftning, frivilliga åtaganden från branschen, ekonomiska åtgärder och informationskampanjer analyseras med avseende på hur effektiva de varit samt vilka problem och hinder som funnits för att uppnå de formulera

Arctic soil carbon (C) stocks are threatened by the rapidly advancing global warming. In addition to temperature, increasing amounts of leaf litter fall following from the expansion of deciduous shrubs and trees in northern ecosystems may alter biogeochemical cycling of C and nutrients. Our aim was to assess how factorial warming and litter addition in a long-term field experiment on a subarctic h

OBJECTIVE: To compare the antiemetic effect of acupressure at the Neiguan point (P6) in a group of healthy women with normal pregnancy and nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) with a similar group receiving acupressure at a placebo point and another, similar group not receiving any treatment. STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study involving 60 women. RESULTS: It is possi

Popular Abstract in Swedish För att förse en byggnad med rätt luftkvalitet och temperatur behövs ett inneklimatsystem som i denna avhandling är ett samlingsnamn för ventilations-, värme- och kylsystem. Hittills har val av inneklimatsystem i byggnader mest baserats på en lägsta initialkostnad. Med ett livscykel-perspektiv borde de totala kostnaderna och miljöpåverkan från systemen kunna minskas. MoThe indoor climate system, which serves a building with a proper indoor air quality and thermal comfort, has been predominantly designed based on the initial cost. A life cycle approach could improve both the economic and environmental performance since the energy use could decrease. There has been a lack of knowledge, models and tools for determining the life cycle cost (LCC) for an indoor climat

This thesis investigates the three so called “conflictory speech acts” (“konfliktäre Sprechakte”) “reproach”, “threat” and “conflictory warning”. They all have in common that the speaker signals that he/she is prepared for a verbal conflict. The aim of the study is to describe the three speech acts, to unite them into a group of coflictory speech acts, and to find out what their similarities and d