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This paper examines the existence of a mortality penalty for illegitimate abandoned infants in the Foundling Hospital of Madrid, La Inclusa, during the period 1890-1935, in the context of the mortality experience of the city. A rich dataset on the life histories of all infants abandoned in the city of Madrid (almost 60,000 children), nominally linked to births, has allowed the study of the determi

Conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) is one of the most prolific frameworks in the study of emotion concepts. Following the seminal work of Lakoff and Johnson (1980) and subsequent work by Kövecses (1986, 1990) and Kövecses and Lakoff (1987), an impressive number of studies in cognitive linguistics and psycholinguistics have sought to document and confirm the claim that conceptual metaphor (CM) struct

Many ectothermic species are currently expanding their distributions polewards due to anthropogenic global warming. Molecular genetic mechanisms facilitating range expansion under these conditions are largely unknown, but understanding these could help mitigate expanding pests and disease vectors, or help explain why some species fail to track changing climates. Here, using RNA-seq data, we examin

We present recent developments in modelling and simulation of internal traverse grinding, a high speed machining process which enables both a large material removal rate and high surface quality. We invoke a hybrid modelling framework, including a process scale model, simulations on a mesoscale capturing the proximity of a single cBN grain and an analysis framework to investigate the grinding whee

The transverse momentum (pT) distribution of primary charged particles is measured in minimum bias (non-single-diffractive) p + Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-s = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The pT spectra measured near central rapidity in the range 0.5< p(T) < 20 GeV/c exhibit a weak pseudorapidity dependence. The nuclear modification factor R-pPb is consistent with unity for p(T) a

OBJECT: The aim is to describe the development of the scientific literature on dementia. METHODS: We present a quantitative, bibliometric study of the literature on dementia, based on Medline, covering 36 years (1974-2009). Two samples of references to dementia papers were retrieved: The main sample based on the MeSH term Dementia holds more than 88 500 references. We have compared the annual

The interest in adiponutrin stems from adiponutrin variant I148M, which is strongly associated to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Adiponutrin has to date been considered to be solely an intracellular protein, with a role in lipid metabolism in liver and adipose tissue. However, a physiologically relevant role for adiponutrin has not been found. The aim of this study was to investigate the prese

The metabolically versatile purple bacteria Rhodobacter capsulatus was investigated to check its possible applicability in biofuel cells and electrochemical microbial biosensors. The wild type strain ATCC 17015 and mutant strain 37b4 lacking the lipopolysaccharide capsule was compared for their ability to communicate with electrodes modified with an osmium redox polymer. In this work, aerobic hete

We have investigated the role of the Ca(2+)-binding protein S100A9 on tumor growth in prostate cancer and T-cell lymphoma models. We found that the expression of, S100A9 and its interaction with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is critical for tumor growth in these settings.

Long-term (1- to 10-year) outcomes after severe sepsis in previously healthy persons are unknown. We aimed to determine the 1- to 10-year mortality rates of previously healthy patients with severe sepsis and compare these to mortality rates of patients with nonseptic critical illness and the general population.

Two previous studies suggest that cigarette smoking reduces acoustic neuroma risk; however, an association between use of snuff tobacco and acoustic neuroma has not been investigated previously. The authors conducted a case-control study in Sweden from 2002 to 2007, in which 451 cases and 710 population-based controls completed questionnaires. Cases and controls were matched on gender, region, and

Obesity is a highly prevalent complex trait that raises the risk of other chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, sleep apnea, and cardiovascular disease, and shortens lifespan. Clinical intervention studies focused on weight loss and epidemiological studies of obesity indicate that genetic variation may modify the relationship between lifestyle behaviors and weight loss or weig

Mammalian embryogenesis is a dynamic process involving gene expression and mechanical forces between proliferating cells. The exact nature of these interactions, which determine the lineage patterning of the trophectoderm and endoderm tissues occurring in a highly regulated manner at precise periods during the embryonic development, is an area of debate. We have developed a computational modeling

The atrioventricular (AV) node plays a fundamental role in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), acting as a filter to the numerous irregular atrial impulses which bombard the node. A phenomenological approach to better understand AV nodal electrophysiology is to analyze the ventricular response with respect to irregularity. In different cohorts of AF patients, such analysis has been performed w

We have investigated the interactions between cationic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers of generation 4 (G4), a potential gene transfection vector, with net-anionic model biomembranes composed of different ratios of zwitterionic phosphocholine (PC) and anionic phospho-l-serine (PS) phospholipids. Two types of model membranes were used: solid-supported bilayers, prepared with lipids carrying pal

Adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) usually have reduced aerobic exercise capacity compared with controls. However, their skeletal muscle function is less studied.

Idea generation is an important part of the engineering design process, and therefore significant research efforts have focused on developing methods to support designers in generating ideas. A key factor is the measurement of ideation effectiveness. The effectiveness of idea generation methods can be measured using metrics such as novelty, variety, quantity, and quality. Average novelty (AN) of a