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Lipolysis in adipocytes governs the release of fatty acids for the supply of energy to various tissues of the body. This reaction is mediated by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), a cytosolic enzyme, and perilipin, which coats the lipid droplet surface in adipocytes. Both HSL and perilipin are substrates for polyphosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA), and phosphorylation of perilipin is required t
"I have dealt with many different transformations with various periods of time, but the quickest that I have met was my own transformation in one moment from a physicist to a chemist." Ernest Rutherford (Nobel Banquet, 1908) This article is about how Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937) got the 1908 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and why he did not get a second Prize for his subsequent outstanding discoveries
The recently measured yeast transcriptional network is analyzed in terms of simplified Boolean network models, with the aim of determining feasible rule structures, given the requirement of stable solutions of the generated Boolean networks. We find that, for ensembles of generated models, those with canalyzing Boolean rules are remarkably stable, whereas those with random Boolean rules are only m
In this study, insomnia in 80-year-olds was related to medical, psychological and social factors. The data were based on examinations every year in people aged between 80 and 89 years. Of 333 people living in the city of Lund and born in 1908, 67% participated. Increased severity of insomnia was significantly associated with use of diuretics, other cardiovascular drugs, hypnotics and laxatives, an
Generalized reaction classes for the consumption and decomposition of aldehydes, ketones, and olefins are described. These classes are important for generating not only reactions for the consumption of the branching agents of low-temperature hydrocarbon combustion but also reactions of the oxidation of alkenes and the decomposition of cyclic ethers. These reaction classes have been extrapolated fr
Adsorption of cationic high molecular weight polyacrylamides (CPAM) (M-w is about 800 kDa) with different fractions of cationic units tau = 0.09 and tau = 0.018 onto silica surface was studied over a wide range of pH (4-9) and KCl concentration (c(s) = 10(-3)-10(-1) M) by in-situ null ellipsometry. We discuss how the adsorbed layer depends on the bulk conditions as well as kinetically responds to
We here present new insights of properties of real-life interference graphs emerging in register allocation. These new insights imply good hopes for a possibility of improving the coloring approach towards optimal solutions. The conclusions axe based on measurements of nearly 28,000 real instances of such interference graphs. All the instances explored are determined to possess the so-called 1-per
Macroporous polyacrylamide gels (MPAAGs) with unique elastic morphology and open porous structure are prepared at subzero temperatures. The porous structure of MPAAGs consisting of large, 1 - 100 mu m-sized interconnected pores, is controlled by the freezing temperature, the content of the initiator system ( ammonium persulfate and N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-ethylenediamine) in the initial reaction mix
BACKGROUND: The currently used fragrance mix in the European baseline patch test series (baseline series) fails to detect a substantial number of clinically relevant fragrance allergies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether it is justified to include hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (Lyral) and fragrance mix 2 containing hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde, citral, farnesol, coum
The rare earth elements (REES) form a chemically uniform group and include yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La) and the lanthanides cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu). Their average abundance in the Earth's crust range from 66
To improve the well-being of adolescents with epilepsy, research is needed on how adolescents cope. In this study, Lazarus' model of stress and coping and Antonovsky's Theory of Sense of Coherence were used as the theoretical framework. The aim was to describe the lived experience of adolescents with epilepsy and their coping skills. The participants were 13-19 years old with an epilepsy diagnosis
Background. No instrument has been developed specifically for assessing the clinician-patient therapeutic relationship (TR) in community psychiatry. This study aimed to develop a measure of the TR with clinician and patient versions using psychometric principles for test construction. Method. A four-stage prospective study was undertaken, comprising qualitative semi-structured interviews about TRs
The S-nitrosylated proteoglycan glypican-1 recycles via endosomes where its heparan sulfate chains are degraded into anhydromannose-containing saccharides by NO-catalyzed deaminative cleavage. Because heparan sulfate chains can be associated with intracellular protein aggregates, glypican-1 autoprocessing may be involved in the clearance of misfolded recycling proteins. Here we have arrested and t
Background: This study examined how interpersonal relationships, specifically marital quality and adequacy of social support, are associated with depressive symptoms among women. Methods: A sample of 326 female monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs and their spouses was drawn from the Swedish Twin Registry. Associations among the three variables were evaluated by comparing similarities among monozy
One significant characteristic of the airway mucosa in vivo, that cannot easily be mimicked in vitro, is its microcirculation, which generates a highly dynamic, biologically active milieu of plasma-derived molecules that may pass to the airway lumen in vivo. New data on the mechanisms of airway mucosal exudation indicate that the protein systems of circulating plasma may contribute significantly t
Objective. Transforming growth factor 13 (TGF)3) plays a key role in the onset and resolution of autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to delineate the precise function of TGF beta signaling in salivary gland inflammation. Methods. We impaired TGF beta signaling in mouse salivary glands by conditionally inactivating expression of TGF beta receptor type I (TGF beta
Aqueous mixtures of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC) or unmodified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), with amylose (AM) or potato amylopectin (PAP), have been investigated by rheology, turbidity, and H-1 NMR measurements. It is concluded that the AM molecules cross-link HMHEC chains by forming helical inclusion complexes with the hydrophobic side chains of HMHEC, leading to therm
BACKGROUND: Development of the eye depends partly on the periocular mesenchyme derived from the neural crest (NC), but the fate of NC cells in mammalian eye development and the signals coordinating the formation of ocular structures are poorly understood. RESULTS: Here we reveal distinct NC contributions to both anterior and posterior mesenchymal eye structures and show that TGFbeta signaling in t
