In design of ground-source energy systems the thermal performance of the borehole heat exchangers is important. In Scandinavia, boreholes are usually not grouted but left with groundwater to fill the space between heat exchanger pipes and borehole wall. The common U-pipe arrangement in a groundwater-filled BHE has been studied by a three-dimensional, steady-state CFD model. The model consists of a

Studying information flow between node clusters can be conceptualised as an important challenge for the knowledge management research and practice community. We are confronted with issues related to establishing links between nodes and/or clusters during the process of information flow and search transfer in large distributed networks. In the case of missing socio-technical links, social networks

Summary Phase-shift time curves following a bolus injection of gadolinium contrast agent were registered for grey-matter regions and large vessels in 14 subjects. Deconvolving a tissue phase-shift curve with a phase-based arterial input function resulted in a tissue residue function R(t). The peak value of R(t) provided a relative cerebral blood flow (CBF) index, while the area-to-height ratio of

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the risk for recurrence after first venous thromboembolism (VTE) among patients with or without Factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective population based study of 1465 consecutive unselected VTE patients was performed at Skåne University Hospital 1998-2008. The VTE was objectively verified and the patients answered questionnaire and left bloo

MrpA and MrpD are homologous to NuoL, NuoM and NuoN in complex I over the first 14 transmembrane helices. In this work, the C-terminal domain of MrpA, outside this conserved area, was investigated. The transmembrane orientation was found to correspond to that of NuoJ in complex I. We have previously demonstrated that the subunit NuoK is homologous to MrpC. The function of the MrpA C-terminus was t

Separating individual rare earth elements from a complex mixture with several elements is difficult and this is emphasized for the middle elements: Samarium, Europium and Gadolinium. In this study we have accomplished an overloaded one-step separation of these rare earth elements through preparative ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography with an bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid impr

An easy-to-use sample environment reaction cell for X-ray based in situ studies of powders and small structured samples, e.g., powder, pellet, and monolith catalysts, is described. The design of the cell allows for flexible use of appropriate X-ray transparent windows, shielding the sample from ambient conditions, such that incident X-ray energies as low as 3 keV can be used. Thus, in situ X-ray a

This article studies the effect of alcohol consumption on the probability of long-term sickness-related absenteeism for women. Using Swedish matched survey and register data, we apply sample selection models to correct for nonrandom sampling into paid employment. There are three main findings of the study. First, diverging from the most prevalent consumption group (long-term light drinkers) is ass

The electronic structure of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) on Pt(111), graphene/Pt(111), and Au-intercalated graphene/Ni(111) is investigated by photoexcited electron spectroscopies: photoemission (XPS and UPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS or NEXAFS). For CoPc on Pt(111), significant changes of the shape of XPS and XAS spectra indicate a charge transfer from the metal substrate to the Co i

Background: Abdominal adhesions develop on da- maged peritoneal surfaces and constitute a significant health related problem. Previous animal studies have shown promising anti-adhesive effects when adminis- tering the polycation α-poly-L-lysine (αPL) and the polyanion poly-L-glutamate (PG) together. The ob- jective of the study was to examine the effect of these differently charged polypeptides wh

The common bed bug Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera; Cimicidae) is a temporary ectoparasite on humans that is currently reinvading the developed countries. Like other haematophagous arthropods, host seeking and orientation in C. lectularius is partially mediated by olfaction. In this study, we reconfirmed the distribution of the 44 olfactory sensilla and identified 3 different sensillum types located

Helicobacter pylori is a recognized causal factor of noncardia gastric cancer (GC). Lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan of this bacterium are recognized by CD14, TLR4 and NOD2 human proteins, while NFKB1 activates the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines to elicit an immune response. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes have been associated with GC in different populations

Global gene expression analysis of tumor samples has been a valuable tool to subgroup tumors and has the potential to be of prognostic and predictive value. However, tumors are heterogeneous, and homogenates will consist of several different cell types. This study was designed to obtain more refined expression data representing different compartments of the tumor.

Female birds may adjust their offspring phenotype to the specific requirements of the environment by differential allocation of physiologically active substances into yolks, such as androgens. Yolk androgens have been shown to boost embryonic development, growth rate and competitive ability of nestlings, but they can also entail immunological costs. The balance between costs and benefits of androg

In August, several hundred physicists and physics educators from all over the world gathered in Reims, France. GIREP-ICPE-MPLT 2010 was a joint event of three different organizations, the Groupe International de Recherch sur l'Enseignement de la Physique (GIREP), the International Commission of Physics Education (ICPE) and the group of Multimedia in Physics Teaching and Learning (MPTL). The note p

Iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms improve image quality and allow for radiation dose reduction in CT. Dose reduction is particularly challenging in brain CT where good low-contrast resolution is essential. Ideally, evaluation of image quality combines objective measurements and subjective assessment of clinically relevant quality criteria. Subjective assessment is associated with various pi

In Parkinson's disease (PD), the main pathology is a loss of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) neurons. Clinical trials with intrastriatal transplantation of human embryonic mesencephalic tissue have shown that grafted DA neurons reinnervate the striatum, restore striatal DA release and, in some patients, induce major clinical benefit. Stem cells could provide an unlimited source of DA neurons for trans