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Multi-objective Optimization and GIS to Improve Climate Change Induced Disaster Risk Management in Africa

We live in an era that suffers from climate change issues, not least disaster risks induced by climate change. While measures, such as proper evacuation plans, are required to reduce the negative impacts of disasters when they hit, actions should also be taken to reduce climate change effects by e.g. increasing the use of renewable energies or proper urban land-use allocation, where climate change

El Robaperas (The Pear Thief)

With a point of departure in the creation of an unsanctioned street installation in Granada, Spain, in 2005 - which colloquially became known by residents in its vicinity as "El Robaperas" (English: "The Pear Thief") - this essay considers some of the central characteristics of street art. It further discusses some of the conditions under which urban environs may become places for autonomous inter

Brief admission by self-referral for individuals with self-harm and suicidal ideation : a qualitative study based on focus groups exploring relatives' experiences

PURPOSE: Brief Admission by self-referral (BA) is a standardized crisis-management intervention for individuals with self-harm and risk for suicide. This study explored relatives' experiences of BA. Relatives' perspectives may contribute to an increased understanding of the effects of BA given the relatives' role as support and informal caregivers as well as being co-sufferers.METHODS: Fourteen re

High-throughput molecular assays for inclusion in personalised oncology trials – State-of-the-art and beyond

In the last decades, the development of high-throughput molecular assays has revolutionised cancer diagnostics, paving the way for the concept of personalised cancer medicine. This progress has been driven by the introduction of such technologies through biomarker-driven oncology trials. In this review, strengths and limitations of various state-of-the-art sequencing technologies, including gene p

GC-biased gene conversion conceals the prediction of the nearly neutral theory in avian genomes

BACKGROUND: The nearly neutral theory of molecular evolution predicts that the efficacy of natural selection increases with the effective population size. This prediction has been verified by independent observations in diverse taxa, which show that life-history traits are strongly correlated with measures of the efficacy of selection, such as the dN/dS ratio. Surprisingly, avian taxa are an excep

Biased Inference of Selection Due to GC-Biased Gene Conversion and the Rate of Protein Evolution in Flycatchers When Accounting for It

The rate of recombination impacts on rates of protein evolution for at least two reasons: it affects the efficacy of selection due to linkage and influences sequence evolution through the process of GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC). We studied how recombination, via gBGC, affects inferences of selection in gene sequences using comparative genomic and population genomic data from the collared flyca

Sex-biased gene expression, sexual antagonism and levels of genetic diversity in the collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) genome

Theoretical work suggests that sexual conflict should promote the maintenance of genetic diversity by the opposing directions of selection on males and females. If such conflict is pervasive, it could potentially lead to genomic heterogeneity in levels of genetic diversity an idea that so far has not been empirically tested on a genomewide scale. We used large-scale population genomic and transcri

Divergence in gene expression within and between two closely related flycatcher species

Relatively little is known about the character of gene expression evolution as species diverge. It is for instance unclear if gene expression generally evolves in a clock-like manner (by stabilizing selection or neutral evolution) or if there are frequent episodes of directional selection. To gain insights into the evolutionary divergence of gene expression, we sequenced and compared the transcrip

Evolutionary analysis of the female-specific avian W chromosome

The typically repetitive nature of the sex-limited chromosome means that it is often excluded from or poorly covered in genome assemblies, hindering studies of evolutionary and population genomic processes in non-recombining chromosomes. Here, we present a draft assembly of the non-recombining region of the collared flycatcher W chromosome, containing 46 genes without evidence of female-specific f

Association between pre-biologic T2-biomarker combinations and response to biologics in patients with severe asthma

Background: To date, studies investigating the association between pre-biologic biomarker levels and post-biologic outcomes have been limited to single biomarkers and assessment of biologic efficacy from structured clinical trials. Aim: To elucidate the associations of pre-biologic individual biomarker levels or their combinations with pre-to-post biologic changes in asthma outcomes in real-life.

RELATIVISTIC COULOMB EXCITATION OF 124Sn

The Coulomb excitation of 124, 128, 130, 132, 134Sn isotopes in the electric field of a Pb target have been studied using the R3B setup as a part of the FAIR Phase-0 program. The experiment was motivated by the possibility of using the nuclear dipole response to infer valuable information on the slope of the symmetry energy of the nuclear equation of state. Measurements were performed in inverse k

Justice and recovery for victimised children : Institutional tensions in Nordic and European Barnahus models

This open access book contributes to ongoing discussions about how societies should respond to children who have experienced violence and abuse by delving into the Barnahus model: a multidisciplinary and co-located model whose aim is to provide both justice and recovery to victimised children. The promising model was first implemented in the Nordic region and is currently being diffused across Eur

VOICE LEVELS IN SIMULATED ROOM ACOUSTIC ENVIRONMENTS. SEX AND AGE DIFFERENCES

Vocal problems are common among workers in voice demanding occupations. For sustaining vocal health, it is important to find efficient ways to reduce strain on the voice at work. One way to do so is optimizing the room acoustics for communication. However, we do not know enough about what kind of room acoustic conditions that support voice and speech most efficiently, and if talkers of different a

Evaluating sustainability through the lens of circular business models

Circular business models are seen by many as an attractive way for companies to develop new business opportunities, while simultaneously addressing growing social and environmental challenges beyond traditional Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programmes. The development of such business models requires continuous testing and evaluation, which contrasts with the largely linear and interventio

Diffusion and translation of the Barnahus model through the lens of institutional tensions

Since the Barnahus model was first introduced in Iceland in 1998, it has spread to a number of European countries, both within and beyond the Nordic region. This introductory chapter has two main objectives: The first is to describe the further diffusion of the Barnahus model throughout Europe and to exemplify various translations at local levels; the second is to set the framework for the book by