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The Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) : Standardised observations for science and societies

To understand, predict and mitigate climate change, it is crucial to have long-term and standardised measurements of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere and their fluxes between atmosphere, land and oceans. The Integrated Carbon Observation System, is a distributed European Research Infrastructure which provides high-precision and highly standardised observations from more than 170 sta

Type 2 diabetes exacerbates changes in blood pressure-independent arterial stiffness : cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from the SUMMIT study

Greater central artery stiffness is observed in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Elevated blood pressure (BP) and altered arterial wall structure/composition in T2DM are generally considered as main drivers for this alteration. However, because conventional arterial stiffness measures are BP-dependent and as such an influence of BP remains in a measure, it is unclear if greater central artery s

Enabling battery circularity : Unlocking circular business model archetypes and collaboration forms in the electric vehicle battery ecosystem

Achieving battery circularity is crucial for meeting the targets of net-zero emission vehicles by 2030 and enabling climate-neutral transportation by 2050. To facilitate this transition, firms operating in the electric vehicle (EV) battery ecosystem must reassess their value creation, capture, and delivery methods. Although EV battery second life presents a promising solution for circularity, many

Very high rotational frequencies and band termination in 73Br

Rotational bands in 73Br have been investigated up to spins of I = 65/2 using the EUROBALL III spectrometer. One of the negative-parity bands displays the highest rotational frequency ℏω= 1.85 MeV reported to date in nuclei with A ≥ 25. At high frequencies, the experimental J(2) dynamic moment of inertia for all bands decreases to very low values, J(2) ≤ 10ℏ2 MeV-1. The bands are described in the

Efficacy assessment of an active tau immunotherapy in Alzheimer's disease patients with amyloid and tau pathology : a post hoc analysis of the “ADAMANT” randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multi-centre, phase 2 clinical trial

Background: Tau pathology correlates with and predicts clinical decline in Alzheimer's disease. Approved tau-targeted therapies are not available. Methods: ADAMANT, a 24-month randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, double-blinded, multicenter, Phase 2 clinical trial (EudraCT2015-000630-30, NCT02579252) enrolled 196 participants with Alzheimer's disease; 119 are included in this post-hoc s

Marital status and cause-specific mortality : A population-based prospective cohort study in southern Sweden

The aim was to investigate associations between marital status and mortality with a prospective cohort study design. A public health survey including adults aged 18–80 was conducted with a postal questionnaire in southern Sweden in 2008 (54.1% participation). The survey formed a baseline that was linked to 8.3-year follow-up all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), cancer and other cause mortality. The pr

Sahara's surface transformation forced an abrupt hydroclimate decline and Neolithic culture transition in northern China

The remote forcing from land surface changes in the Sahara is hypothesized to play a pivotal role in modulating the intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) through ocean-atmospheric teleconnections. This modulation has far-reaching consequences, particularly in facilitating societal shifts documented in northern China. Here, we present a well-dated lake-level record from the Daihai Lake

Valorizing the Humanities : Impact Stories, Acting Spaces, and Meandering Knowledge Flows

Despite its proven societal value, humanities knowledge tends to be marginalized in research policy; this has been a topic of debate for some time. In this chapter, we focus on the valorization of humanities knowledge, with the aim of comprehending the way this process engenders societal impact. We argue that historical impact stories offer an effective methodological approach for a deeper underst

The Nature of the Familial Risk for Psychosis in Bipolar Disorder

Background and Hypothesis: To clarify whether the familial liability to psychosis associated with bipolar disorder (BD) is nonspecific or has a greater effect on risk for psychosis in cases with prominent mood symptoms and/or a remitting course. Study Design: We examined, in 984 809 offspring raised in intact families in Sweden, born 1980-1996 and followed-up through 2018, by multivariable Cox pro

Can security be sustainable? Three perspectives on security and social sustainability : paradox, co-production, and deconstruction

Security and sustainability are prioritized goals in the “Western liberal” world. Maintaining democratic resources while simultaneously strengthening society’s ability to deal with security issues firmly resonates with ideals associated with social sustainability. However, merging normative theories like security and social sustainability produces conceptual difficulties that are hard to resolve.

How Promotion Guidelines Reflect Swedish Higher Education Institutions’ Societal Collaboration Strategies

This chapter explores the alignment between the stated intention of Swedish Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to matter and the assessment of individuals to matter. To achieve this aim, HEIs collaboration strategies are compared with the criteria for the guidance for merits regarding docentship. Our analysis reveals a notable disparity: the societal collaboration visions outlined in strategies

Head-to-head study of diagnostic accuracy of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid p-tau217 versus p-tau181 and p-tau231 in a memory clinic cohort

Background and objective: Phosphorylated tau (p-tau) 217 has recently received attention because it seems more reliable than other p-tau variants for identifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Thus, we aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of plasma and CSF p-tau217 with p-tau181 and p-tau231 in a memory clinic cohort. Methods: The study included 114 participants (CU = 33; MCI = 67; Dement

Adaptive sparse estimation of nonlinear chirp signals using Laplace priors

The identification of nonlinear chirp signals has attracted notable attention in the recent literature, including estimators such as the variational mode decomposition and the nonlinear chirp mode estimator. However, most presented methods fail to process signals with close frequency intervals or depend on user-determined parameters that are often non-trivial to select optimally. In this work, we

Quantifying Phagocytosis – studies on the antibody response during invasive streptococcal infections

The interaction between our immune system and pathogens encompasses a complex spectrum from symbiosis to potentially life-threatening diseases. Throughout evolution, our immune system has evolved numerous strategies such as phagocytosis to combat infections and protect us from diseases. Phagocytosis involves the engulfment of pathogens by our immune cells and can be facilitated through opsonizatio

Inflammation-related proteins in blood after dermal exposure to some common chemicals depend on the skin barrier gene filaggrin - a human experimental study

Filaggrin (FLG), a skin barrier protein, is associated with higher dermal uptake of some chemicals in carriers of loss-of-function (null) mutations. This study investigates FLG mutations and systemic effects following dermal exposure to chemicals. Individuals (n = 23 FLG null, n = 31 FLG wt) were simultaneously exposed to pyrimethanil, pyrene, oxybenzone, and nickel ions for 4 h. Pre- and post-exp