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Tuning the Electronics of Bis(tridentate)ruthenium(II) Complexes with Long-Lived Excited States: Modifications to the Ligand Skeleton beyond Classical Electron Donor or Electron Withdrawing Group Decorations

A series of homoleptic bis(tridentate) [Ru-(L)(2)](2+) (1, 3) and heteroleptic [Ru(L)(dqp)](2+) complexes (2, 4) [L = dqxp (1, 2) or dNinp (3, 4); dqxp = 2,6-di(quinoxalin-5-yl)pyridine, dNinp = 2,6-di(N-7-azaindol-1-yl)pyridine, dqp = 2,6-di(quinolin-8-yl)pyridine) was prepared and in the case of 2 and 4 structurally characterized. The presence of dqxp and dNinp in 1-4 result in anodically shifte

Adverse Effects of Smoking on Peak Bone Mass May Be Attenuated by Higher Body Mass Index in Young Female Smokers.

Smoking is associated with postmenopausal bone loss and fracture, but the effect of smoking on bone in younger women is unclear. Peak bone mass is an important determinant for fracture risk; therefore, our aim was to evaluate the association between smoking and bone mass in 25-year-old women, specifically the influence of daily cigarette consumption and total exposure, duration, age at starting sm

Ser129 phosphorylation of endogenous α-synuclein induced by overexpression of polo-like kinases 2 and 3 in nigral dopamine neurons is not detrimental to their survival and function.

Phosphorylation of the α-synuclein (α-syn) protein at Ser129 [P(S129)-α-] was found to be the most abundant form in intracellular inclusions in brains from Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. This finding suggests that P(S129)-α-syn plays a central role in the pathogenesis of PD. However, it is at present unclear whether P(S129)-α-syn is pathogenic driving the neurodegenerative process. Rodent stud

A longitudinal study on cardiac effects of deconditioning and physical reconditioning using the anterior cruciate ligament injury as a model.

BACKGROUND: Studies of cardiovascular deconditioning are primarily carried out after experimental bed rest. No previous study has followed the cardiovascular effects of decreased and resumed physical activity in athletes after acute physical injury and convalescence. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury causes a significantly decreased activity level over a long period, making it an ideal model

Atmospheric ions and new particle formation events at a tropical location, Pune, India

Characteristics of small, intermediate and large ions and nanometre particles, and the influences of environmental conditions and local topography on the interactions of these ions and particles in the size range of 3.85-47.8 nm diameter are studied during new particle formation (NPF) events observed at Pune, India from 20 March to 23 May 2012. During the NPF events, the formation rate of 5 nm par

Epilepsy therapy development: Technical and methodologic issues in studies with animal models

The search for new treatments for seizures, epilepsies, and their comorbidities faces considerable challenges. This is due in part to gaps in our understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of most forms of epilepsy. An additional challenge is the difficulty in predicting the efficacy, tolerability, and impact of potential new treatments on epilepsies and comorbidities in humans, using the a

Fetal dopaminergic transplantation trials and the future of neural grafting in Parkinson's disease

Clinical use of allografts of fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue as a treatment to replace dopaminergic neurons in patients with Parkinson's disease was first done more than 20 years ago. Since then, many patients have received transplants, with variable results. During this time, our knowledge of Parkinson's disease has changed and the nature and extent of problems associated with the disorder ha

Human midbrain precursors activate the expected developmental genetic program and differentiate long-term to functional A9 dopamine neurons in vitro. Enhancement by Bcl-X-L

Understanding the molecular programs of the generation of human dopaminergic neurons (DAn) from their ventral mesencephalic (VM) precursors is of key importance for basic studies, progress in cell therapy, drug screening and pharmacology in the context of Parkinson's disease. The nature of human DAn precursors in vitro is poorly understood, their properties unstable, and their availability highly

Risk of thromboembolic diseases in men with prostate cancer: results from the population-based PCBaSe Sweden

Background Cancer is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic diseases, but data on the association between prostate cancer and thromboembolic diseases are scarce. We investigated the risk of thromboembolic disease in men with prostate cancer who were receiving endocrine treatment, curative treatment, or surveillance. Methods We analysed data from PCBaSe Sweden, a database based on the

Cytoplasmic Estrogen Receptor in Breast Cancer

Purpose: In addition to genomic signaling, it is accepted that estrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha) has nonnuclear signaling functions, which correlate with tamoxifen resistance in preclinical models. However, evidence for cytoplasmic ER localization in human breast tumors is less established. We sought to determine the presence and implications of nonnuclear ER in clinical specimens. Experimental D

Drug release from lipid liquid crystalline phases: relation with phase behavior

Introduction: We studied the release of propranolol hydrochloride (PHCl), a water-soluble amphiphilic drug, from monoolein (MO)/water and phytantriol/water systems. Methods: We related the dissolution profiles with phase behavior and viscosity of the different liquid crystalline phases. Diolein has been added aiming to stabilize the cubic phases and thus preventing formation of less viscous (lamel

Risk factors for carriage of AOM pathogens during the first 3 years of life in children with early onset of acute otitis media.

Abstract Conclusion: Risk factors associated with increased carriage rates are the same in children with recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) as in healthy children. These are also known to be risk factors for the development of AOM itself. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe risk factors for nasopharyngeal carriage in a cohort of young children at high risk of developing rAOM. Method

Human induced pluripotent stem cells improve recovery in stroke-injured aged rats.

Purpose: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) improve behavior and form neurons after implantation into the stroke-injured adult rodent brain. How the aged brain responds to grafted iPSCs is unknown. We determined survival and differentiation of grafted human fibroblast-derived iPSCs and their ability to improve recovery in aged rats after stroke. Methods: Twenty-four months old rats were subjec

Dynamics and retreat of the Late Weichselian Kongsfjorden ice stream, NW Svalbard

Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dating in combination with detailed landform mapping in the Kongsf-jordhallet area, NW Svalbard, have provided new insight on configuration, dynamics, and deglaciation of the Late Weichselian Kongsfjorden ice stream. The minimum Late Weichselian ice surface elevation in Kongsfjorden was >449 m a.s.l. indicating considerably thicker ice and a steeper surface gradient

Incretin and islet hormone responses to meals of increasing size in healthy subjects.

Context: Postprandial glucose homeostasis is regulated through the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) through stimulation of insulin secretion and inhibition of glucagon secretion. However, how these processes dynamically adapt to demands created by caloric challenges achieved during daily life is not known. Objective: To explore adaptation of incretin and islet hormones after mixed meal

Iron sensitizer converts light to electrons with 92% yield.

Solar energy conversion in photovoltaics or photocatalysis involves light harvesting, or sensitization, of a semiconductor or catalyst as a first step. Rare elements are frequently used for this purpose, but they are obviously not ideal for large-scale implementation. Great efforts have been made to replace the widely used ruthenium with more abundant analogues like iron, but without much success