Segmented cross sectional MRI images were used to construct 3D virtual models of the carotid bifurcation in 5 healthy volunteers. Geometric features such as bifurcation angle, planarity angle, asymmetry angle tortuosity and curvature were calculated for the normal head posture and were compared to the equivalent values acquired with the head rotated clockwise by up to 80 degrees. The results obtai

The geometric and hemodynamic characteristics of the left and right vertebral arteries (LVA, RVA) of six healthy volunteers were investigated for the supine (S) and the prone position (P) a common sleeping posture with head rotation. MRI images were used to reconstruct the subject specific three-dimensional solid models of the LVA and RVA from the level of the carotid bifurcation to the vertebroba

Atherosclerosis is the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. Low and oscillating wall shear stress (WSS) regions have been previously reported as parameters that correlate with the development of atherosclerosis. In this study we investigated geometric and hemodynamic changes in the carotid bifurcation as a result of posture change. Data from magnetic resonance imagi

Purpose: Image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is widely used to predict intracranial aneurysm wall shear stress (WSS), particularly with the goal of improving rupture risk assessment. Nevertheless, concern has been expressed over the variability of predicted WSS and inconsistent associations with rupture. Previous challenges, and studies from individual groups, have focused on individual

Head and neck postures may cause morphology changes to the geometry of the carotid bifurcation (CB) that alter the low and oscillating wall shear stress (WSS) regions previously reported as important in the development of atherosclerosis. Here the right and left CB were imaged by MRI in two healthy subjects in the neutral head posture with the subject in the supine position and in two other head p

The market for membrane technology in the food and beverage industries increased during the last two decades to a market volume of about € 150 million and is now the second biggest industrial market for membranes after municipal water treatment in Europe. The aim of this study is to highlight new application concepts for membrane processes either by replacing conventional separation processes or b

The hadronic decays of the τ lepton can be used to determine the effective charge ατ(m τ 2,) for a hypothetical τ lepton with a mass in the range 0

Beam-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration is an acceleration scheme promising accelerating fields of at least two to three orders of magnitude higher than in conventional radiofrequency accelerating structures. The scheme relies on using a charged particle bunch (driver) to drive a non-linear plasma wake, into which a second bunch (witness) can be injected at an appropriate distance behind the fir

We report the development of nanowire field-effect transistors featuring an ultrathin parylene film as a polymer gate insulator. The room temperature, gas-phase deposition of parylene is an attractive alternative to oxide insulators prepared at high temperatures using atomic layer deposition. We discuss our custom-built parylene deposition system, which is designed for reliable and controlled depo

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease, and infectious agents are suspected to be involved in the tumorigenesis of DLBCL. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs modulating protein expression. We compared miRNA expression profiles in lymph node tissues of patients with DLBCL of the activated B-cell like (ABC) type from two geographical areas with different background expos

Lexical frequency effects on word accent processing in SwedishSeveral studies have investigated the neurophysiological underpinnings of the Swedish word accents, “accent 1” and “accent 2” ([1]-[5]), which are known to have a strong association with morphology ([6]-[8]). For example, if the singular noun suffix -en is attached to the word stem bil (‘car’), the resulting word is bil1-en (‘the car’)

We have measured the lattice size dependence of the lightest glueball mass in SU(2) and SU(3) gauge theory at =2.2 and 2.3 [SU(2)] and =6.0 [SU(3)]. We observe an increase in the glueball mass when the lattice size shrinks below a critical value. The magnitude of this length scale, which we interpret as the physical size of the glueball, is roughly the same for SU(2) and SU(3) when expressed in un

The static potentials from bosonic string models are examined to the two-loop level. Available MC data for 4-dimensional SU(3) are in approximate agreement with the universal leading order predictions but fail to reproduce the Nambu string when the two-loop terms are included in the analysis. We also confront Nambu string model predictions for Tc σ with SU(2), SU(3) and SU(N → ∞) MC data. In the S

It is argued semiquantitatively that the magnetic instability of the perturbative QCD vacuum leads to the formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate that locally can be described as a JPC=0++ gluon color-singlet bound state of "glueball." We also indicate how this result might be obtained by a more rigorous field-theoretical treatment. A general discussion of the global properties of the "glueball va

The formation age of the large (∼50 km) Carswell impact structure, Canada, has been a matter of debate ever since its discovery five decades ago, with proposed ages ranging from Mesoproterozoic to Early Cretaceous. Here, we present new 40Ar-39Ar data for aliquots of euhedral adularia, separated from vesicles in an impact melt rock from the central uplift of the structure. The analyses of the adula

The isolation, identification and structure of the spalt gene is described. This novel homeotic gene of Drosophila is required for the establishment of the posterior-most head and the anterior-most tail segments of the embryo. It encodes a small mRNA of 0.8 kb which is under the control of over 15 kb of upstream sequences as indicated by the phenotype of transformed embryos. The putative spalt pro