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Swedish reciprocal ransoms and multinational solutions to insecurity in the Mediterranean, c. 1720–1740
This article compares the Swedish government’s legal practices to secure protection for its trade and shipping with the legal strategies for protection which circulated among sailors and consuls along the Swedish trade route to the Mediterranean in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. One major threat to Swedish commercial interests at the time were the ‘Barbary corsairs’, and the challenges wh
Clinical and Molecular Spectrum Associated with COL6A3 c.7447A>G p.(Lys2483Glu) Variant : Elucidating its Role in Collagen VI-related Myopathies
Background: Dominant and recessive autosomal pathogenic variants in the three major genes (COL6A1-A2-A3) encoding the extracellular matrix protein collagen VI underlie a group of myopathies ranging from early-onset severe conditions (Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy) to milder forms maintaining independent ambulation (Bethlem myopathy). Diagnosis is based on the combination of clinical presen
Sperm DNA fragmentation index and cumulative live birth rate in a cohort of 2,713 couples undergoing assisted reproduction treatment
Objective: To study how the choice of the first assisted reproductive technology treatment type affects the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) in couples with high sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Setting: University-affiliated fertility clinic. Patient(s): A total of 2,713 infertile couples who underwent assisted reproductive technology treatment between 2007
Doppler ultrasound improves diagnostic accuracy for testicular torsion
Background: Doppler ultrasound can diagnose testicular torsion with high sensitivity and specificity but may delay surgical treatment. This study aims to assess whether the use of doppler ultrasound, in cases with intermediate clinical suspicion of testicular torsion, can improve diagnostic accuracy compared to clinical assessment alone. Methods: We implemented a new clinical algorithm where patie
Country Report - China
Country Report - Brazil
Social and Legal Trust: The Case of Africa
This essay examines the common empirical connection between trust in people in general (social trust) and trust in the courts and the police (so-called legal trust). In much of the world there is a strong correlation between social trust and legal trust, which is sometimes interpreted as a causal connection from legal trust to social trust. But in many African countries, the correlation breaks dow
Modifierat trä i bärande konstruktioner
Det stora träbyggandet har varit i blickfånget sedan våra byggregler ändrades i mitten av 1990-talet. En tydlig utveckling har skett vad gäller flervåningsbyggandet i trä. Användningen av trä i infrastrukturer som broar och vindkraftverk har också ökat, även om användningen av trä i sådana bärande utomhuskonstruktioner i allmänhet är blygsam. Genom att modifiera trä på kemisk väg kan många av de s
Finding the neural correlates of consciousness will not solve all our problems
Subjective experience has often taken center stage in debates between competing conceptual theories of the mind. This is also a central object of concern in the empirical domain, and especially in the search for the neural correlates of consciousness (NCCs). By now, most of the competing conceptual theories of consciousness have become aligned with distinct hypotheses about the NCCs. These hypothe
Schedulability analysis of Ethernet AVB switches
Ethernet AVB is being actively considered by the automotive industry as a candidate for in-vehicle communication backbone. However, several questions pertaining to schedulability of hard real-time messages transmitted via such a switch remain unanswered. In this paper, we attempt to fill this void. We derive equations to perform worst-case response time analysis on Ethernet AVB switches by conside
e-Glass: A Wearable System for Real-Time Detection of Epileptic Seizures
Today, epilepsy is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting more than 65 million people worldwide and is ranked number four after migraine, Alzheimer's disease, and stroke. Despite the recent advances in anti-epileptic drugs, one-third of the epileptic patients continue to have seizures. More importantly, epilepsy-related causes of death account for 40% of mortality in high-risk patients.
Underdevelopment, extractivism, and conflict in the Global South and the role of systemic alternatives
Cell Fate Reprogramming in the Era of Cancer Immunotherapy
Advances in understanding how cancer cells interact with the immune system allowed the development of immunotherapeutic strategies, harnessing patients’ immune system to fight cancer. Dendritic cell-based vaccines are being explored to reactivate anti-tumor adaptive immunity. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR T) were however the main approaches that catapulted
Analysis of biased language in peer-reviewed scientific literature on genetically modified crops
Social, political, and economic forces may inadvertently influence the stance of scientific literature. Scientists strive for neutral language, but this may be challenging for controversial topics like genetically modified (GM) crops. We classified peer-reviewed journal articles and found that 40% had a positive or negative stance towards GM crops. Proportion of positive and negative stance varied
Exploring ligand dynamics in protein crystal structures with ensemble refinement
Understanding the dynamics of ligands bound to proteins is an important task in medicinal chemistry and drug design. However, the dominant technique for determining protein-ligand structures, X-ray crystallography, does not fully account for dynamics and cannot accurately describe the movements of ligands in protein binding sites. In this article, an alternative method, ensemble refinement, is use
Filial Daughter? Filial Son? : How China’s Young Urban Elite Negotiate Intergenerational Obligations
Microfluidic chips provide visual access to in situ soil ecology
Microbes govern most soil functions, but investigation of these processes at the scale of their cells has been difficult to accomplish. Here we incubate microfabricated, transparent ‘soil chips’ with soil, or bury them directly in the field. Both soil microbes and minerals enter the chips, which enables us to investigate diverse community interdependences, such as inter-kingdom and food-web intera
Endo-xylanases from Cohnella sp. AR92 aimed at xylan and arabinoxylan conversion into value-added products
The genus Cohnella belongs to a group of Gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria within the Paenibacillaceae family. Although most species were described as xylanolytic bacteria, the literature still lacks some key information regarding their repertoire of xylan-degrading enzymes. The whole genome sequence of an isolated xylan-degrading bacterium Cohnella sp. strain AR92 was found to contain five
Resistance of Clay Brick Masonry Façades to Wind-Driven Rain : Repointing of Eroded Mortar Joints
Clay brick masonry façades are commonly used due to their high-performance durability. However, exposure to climate agents such as wind-driven rain (WDR), freeze-thaw cycles, and wind abrasion cause deterioration of masonry façades over time. WDR as a significant source of moisture may contribute to the erosion of mortar joints and lead to increased moisture content and risk of water penetration.