Objective: Adverse event (AE) monitoring is central to assessing therapeutic safety. The lack of a comprehensive framework to define and grade maternal and fetal AEs in pregnancy trials severely limits understanding risks in pregnant women. We created AE terminology to improve safety monitoring for developing pregnancy drugs, devices and interventions. Method: Existing severity grading for pregnan

In this thesis degradation of chlorinated solvents, e.g., tetrachloroethene (perchloroethylene [PCE]), has been examined, both natural occurring degradation and in situ remediation strategies. The projects included have focused on two field sites of former dry-cleaning facilities, which are contaminated with PCE in both the groundwater and the sediments. One site had only been exposed to natural d

Context. Despite swift progress in the characterisation of exoplanet atmospheres in composition and structure, the study of atmospheric dynamics has not progressed at the same speed. While theoretical models have been developed to describe the lower layers of the atmosphere, and independently, the exosphere, little is known about the intermediate layers up to the thermosphere. Aims. We aim to prov

For nearly three decades, spatial games have produced a wealth of insights to the study of behavior and its relation to population structure. However, as different rules and factors are added or altered, the dynamics of spatial models often become increasingly complicated to interpret. To tackle this problem, we introduce persistent homology as a rigorous framework that can be used to both define For nearly three decades, spatial games have produced a wealth of insights to the study of behavior and its relation to population structure. However, as different rules and factors are added or altered, the dynamics of spatial models often become increasingly complicated to interpret. To tackle this problem,we introduce persistent homology as a rigorous framework that can be used to both define a

The impact of fires on humans and the environment has been the subject of investigation for decades. We have a variety of more or less well developed models to study the impact of fires on humans and even have several international standards categorising standardised approaches to quantifying the toxic potency of fire gas exposure. However, there is currently no standardised approach available to

The environmental impact of products has been increasingly discussed in recent years. In response to questions of the environmental appropriateness of, for example, technologies used to attain a high level of fire safety, a model has been developed to quantify the emissions from fires and include this into a holistic treatment of the environmental impact of a product from the cradle to the grave.

The emergence of COVID-19 has changed the world as we know it, arguably none more so than for older people. In Sweden, the majority of COVID-19-related fatalities have been among people aged ⩾70 years, many of whom were receiving health and social care services. The pandemic has illuminated aspects within the care continuum requiring evaluative research, such as decision-making processes, the stru

As more people are surviving cardiac arrest, focus needs to shift towards improving neurological outcomes and quality of life in survivors. Brain injury after resuscitation, a common sequela following cardiac arrest, ranges in severity from mild impairment to devastating brain injury and brainstem death. Effective strategies to minimise brain injury after resuscitation include early intervention w

The human forebrain has expanded in size and complexity compared to chimpanzees despite limited changes in protein-coding genes, suggesting that gene expression regulation is an important driver of brain evolution. Here, we identify a KRAB-ZFP transcription factor, ZNF558, that is expressed in human but not chimpanzee forebrain neural progenitor cells. ZNF558 evolved as a suppressor of LINE-1 tran

We consider taxation of exchanges among a set of agents in which each agent owns one object. Agents may have different valuations for the objects, and they need to pay taxes for exchanges. We show that, if a rule satisfies individual rationality, strategy-proofness, constrained efficiency, weak anonymity, and weak consistency, then it is either the no-trade rule or a fixed-tax core rule. For the l

This cross-country study investigates the potential to improve pig welfare by exploiting consumer demand, domestically and in export markets, for welfare pork produced in indoor production systems. The analysis is based on questionnaire data collected in 2019 focusing on demand for Danish welfare pork both in Denmark and in two nearby export markets, Sweden and Germany. To reduce hypothetical biasThis cross-country study investigates the potential to improve pig welfare by exploiting consumer demand, domestically and in export markets, for welfare pork produced in indoor production systems. The analysis is based on questionnaire data collected in 2019 focusing on demand for Danish welfare pork both in Denmark and in two nearby export markets, Sweden and Germany. To reduce hypothetical bias

"Abstract in Italian": La post-verità dei discorsi politici, esemplificata nella retorica di Trump, non si basa principalmente sui fatti. Ciò che sembra essere importante, quando l’elettorato valuta questi discorsi, è se i politici che parlano sono veritieri o autentici, non se ogni parola pronunciata è ‘vera’. Pertanto, le valutazioni critiche dei discorsi politici populisti dovrebbero iniziare pPost-truth political discourses, exemplified by Trump’s rhetoric, are not primarily based on facts. What appears to be important when the electorate evaluates these discourses is whether the politicians who are speaking are genuine or authentic, not whether every word uttered is ‘true’. Therefore, critical evaluations of populist political discourses should begin by asking questions about what kin

Culture and creativity are often described as central elements in urban and regional development. This paper takes its point of departure in an ongoing research project on the work of professionals at platforms for creative and cultural work in Scania, Sweden. Through narratives of and about the professionals at the different platforms the paper illustrates how creativity and creative work are enc

Mild to moderate renal impairment affects 10% of the general population. Renal impairment is difficult to detect because of the lack of symptoms, but it can be estimated by calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on the basis of plasma creatinine and/or cystatin C concentrations. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of development of cardiovascular