The pineal complex of anuran amphibians is a directly photosensory organ, encompassing both an extracranial portion, the frontal organ, and an intracranial portion, the pineal organ proper. The projection neurons of the frontal organ respond differentially according to the wavelengths of the light stimuli. The pineal organ, on the other hand, functions mainly as a luminosity meter. Most of its cen

The photosensory pineal organ of teleost fish shows a circadian rhythm in melatonin synthesis, and melatonin is known to influence a number of physiological functions. However, the target sites for melatonin are not known. We have investigated the distribution of melatonin binding sites in the brain of the salmon, Salmo salar. Brains were collected for receptor binding assay and autoradiography at

Purpose: To understand if physical therapy in addition to individualized psychiatric specialist treatment could aid sedentary patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders or affective spectrum disorders to become more physically active and also to identify assessments suitable for measuring physical activity, physical function and movement motivation. Materials and methods: In a longitudinal, cl

Background: The formation of the bicoid (bcd) mRNA gradient is a crucial step for Bcd protein gradient formation in Drosophila. In the past, a microtubule (MT)-based cortical network had been shown to be indispensable for bcd mRNA transport to the posterior.Results: We report the identification of a MT-binding protein CLASP/Chb as the first component associated with this cortical MT network. Since

Screening 60-yr-old men for renal cancer using ultrasound may be cost effective, and further research into this topic is of value to society. The prevalence of renal cancer by age/sex and the stage shift associated with screening are key research priorities.

This research explores the relationship between participation in leadership development programmes and disengagement from the employing organization. Based on repeated interviews with 10 managers participating in an open leadership development programme, our analysis shows that half of the participants reflected a sense of distancing themselves from how their organizations practiced leadership, an

This paper investigates flight-to-safety from stocks to bonds in six European markets. We use quantile regressions to identify flight-to-safety episodes. The conditional risk-return trade-off on the stock markets is negative. Flight-to-safety episodes strengthen the negative trade-off. The effects of flight-to-safety episodes on the trade-off are qualitatively similar for own country flight-to-saf

Background and Aims: Certain appearances of the major duodenal papilla have been claimed to make cannulation more difficult during ERCP. This study uses a validated classification of the endoscopic appearance of the major duodenal papilla to determine if certain types of papilla predispose to difficult cannulation. Methods: Patients with a naïve papilla scheduled for ERCP were included. The papill

DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.

Abstract Noroviruses are now the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Noroviruses are effectively transmitted due to a low infectious dose, viral shedding in high concentrations, environmental stability, and they induce only a limited immunity after infection. Especially, the norovirus variants of genotype II.4 (GII.4) have seemed greatly adapted for pandemic spread. The high infectivity of

Lignin nanoparticles (nanolignin, NL) were prepared in this work by ultrasonic treatment of softwood kraft lignin to obtain lignin‐water dispersions with excellent colloidal stability. A thorough characterization of the chemical, physical, and morphological properties of the new NL particles allowed for direct comparisons with the untreated parent material. Such NL particles were incorporated into